We discuss the chemical pre-conditions for planet formation, in terms of gas and ice
abundances in a protoplanetary disk, as function of time and position, and the resulting
chemical composition and cloud properties in the atmosphere when young gas giant planets
form, in particular discussing the effects of unusual, non-solar carbon and oxygen
abundances. Large deviations between the abundances of the host star and its gas giants
seem likely to occur if the planet formation follows the core-accretion scenario. These�…

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotes both tumor progression and drug
resistance, yet few vulnerabilities of this state have been identified. Using selective small
molecules as cellular probes, we show that induction of EMT greatly sensitizes cells to
agents that perturb endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function. This sensitivity to ER perturbations
is caused by the synthesis and secretion of large quantities of extracellular matrix (ECM)
proteins by EMT cells. Consistent with their increased secretory output, EMT cells display a�…

After a fast photovoltaic (PV) expansion in the past decade supported by many governments
in Europe, in this postincentive era, one of the most significant open issues in the PV sector
is to find appropriate inspection methods to evaluate real PV plant performance and failures.
In this context, PV modules are surely the key components affecting the overall system
performance; therefore, there is a main concern about the occurrence of any kind of failure in
PV modules. This paper aims to propose a novel concept for monitoring PV plants by using�…

This chapter has four main aims. Provide a comprehensive picture of the composition of
volcanic rocks from subduction-related magmatic arcs. Review evidence in favor of the
existence of andesitic, as well as basaltic primary magmas in arcs. Present new data on the
composition of arc lower crust, based mainly on our work on the Talkeetna arc section in
southcentral Alaska. Summarize evidence from arc lower crustal sections that a substantial
proportion of the dense, lower crustal pyroxenites and garnet granulites produced by crystal�…

Abstract The Permian-Triassic mass extinction was the most severe biotic crisis in the past
500 million years. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the crisis, but few
account for the spectrum of extinction selectivity and subsequent recovery. Here we show
that selective losses are best accounted for by a combination of lethally warm, shallow
waters and anoxic deep waters that acted to severely restrict the habitable area to a narrow
mid-water refuge zone. The relative tolerance of groups to this double whammy provides the�…

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perbedaan hasil belajar biologi antara siswa yang
dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dengan siswa yang dibelajarkan
dengan model pembelajaran langsung ditinjau dari gaya belajar siswa. Untuk mencapai
tujuan tersebut maka dilaksanakan penelitai eksperimen dengan rancangan pre-test post-
test control group design. Penelitian dilakuka di SMA Negeri 1 Bangli dengan jumlah
sampel sebanyak 152 orang, yang terdiri dari empat kelas. Data dalam penelitian ini�…

Most transcription factors specify the subset of genes that will be actively transcribed in the
cell by stimulating transcription initiation at these genes, but MYC has a fundamentally
different role. MYC binds E-box sites in the promoters of active genes and stimulates
recruitment of the elongation factor P-TEFb and thus transcription elongation. Consequently,
rather than specifying the set of genes that will be transcribed in any particular cell, MYC's
predominant role is to increase the production of transcripts from active genes. This increase�…

Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the respective effectiveness of the
horizontal scrub, Fones, and modified Bass methods demonstrated on the cast to individual
child within the classroom setting. Materials and Methods: A total of 180 healthy children
studying in 1 st and 2 nd grades in the age range of 6-8 years were randomly selected from
various schools of Gulbarga district, Karnataka, India. They were equally divided into three
groups. Children in each group were demonstrated only one of the three brushing�…

Objective To investigate the in vitro antiradical and antioxidant properties of methanol
extracts of Garcinia lucida, Hymenocardia lyrata (H. lyrata) and Acalypha racemosa.
Methods We determined the in vitro antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content, and
performed the phytochemical screening of the extracts from fruits, barks, leaves, roots and
stems of these plants using standard procedures. Results The results of the antioxidant
properties showed that more than 60% of DPPH., NO. and HO. radicals were inhibited by the�…

Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) alone are suitable for a broad spectrum of
applications, but the low stability and heterogeneous size distribution in aqueous medium
represent major setbacks. These setbacks can however be reduced or diminished through
functionalization of MNPs with various biocompatible surfactants. In this study, magnetite
(Fe3O4) nanoparticles were modified using oleic acid (OA) to reduce their agglomeration.
To render hydrophilicity and to increase the colloidal stability of the MNPs, they were further�…