Level of self-esteem and contingencies of self-worth: Unique effects on academic, social, and financial problems in college students

J Crocker, RK Luhtanen�- Personality and Social Psychology�…, 2003 - journals.sagepub.com
J Crocker, RK Luhtanen
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2003journals.sagepub.com
The unique effects of level of self-esteem and contingencies of self-worth assessed prior to
college on academic, social, and financial problems experienced during the freshman year
were examined in a longitudinal study of 642 college students. Low self-esteem predicted
social problems, even controlling for demographic and personality variables (neuroticism,
agreeableness, and social desirability), but did not predict academic or financial problems
with other variables controlled. Academic competence contingency predicted academic and�…
The unique effects of level of self-esteem and contingencies of self-worth assessed prior to college on academic, social, and financial problems experienced during the freshman year were examined in a longitudinal study of 642 college students. Low self-esteem predicted social problems, even controlling for demographic and personality variables (neuroticism, agreeableness, and social desirability), but did not predict academic or financial problems with other variables controlled. Academic competence contingency predicted academic and financial problems and appearance contingency predicted financial problems, even after controlling for relevant personality variables. We conclude that contingencies of self-worth uniquely contribute to academic and financial difficulties experienced by college freshmen beyond level of self-esteem and other personality variables. Low self-esteem, on the other hand, appears to uniquely contribute to later social difficulties.
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