The fetal venous system, Part II: ultrasound evaluation of the fetus with congenital venous system malformation or developing circulatory compromise
S Yagel, Z Kivilevitch, SM Cohen…�- …�in obstetrics &�…, 2010 - Wiley Online Library
S Yagel, Z Kivilevitch, SM Cohen, DV Valsky, B Messing, O Shen, R Achiron
Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology, 2010•Wiley Online LibraryThe human fetal venous system is well‐recognized as a target for investigation in cases of
circulatory compromise, and a broad spectrum of malformations affecting this system has
been described. In Part I of this review, we described the normal embryology, anatomy and
physiology of this system, essential to the understanding of structural anomalies and the
sequential changes encountered in intrauterine growth restriction and other developmental
disorders. In Part II we review the etiology and sonographic appearance of malformations of�…
circulatory compromise, and a broad spectrum of malformations affecting this system has
been described. In Part I of this review, we described the normal embryology, anatomy and
physiology of this system, essential to the understanding of structural anomalies and the
sequential changes encountered in intrauterine growth restriction and other developmental
disorders. In Part II we review the etiology and sonographic appearance of malformations of�…
Abstract
The human fetal venous system is well‐recognized as a target for investigation in cases of circulatory compromise, and a broad spectrum of malformations affecting this system has been described. In Part I of this review, we described the normal embryology, anatomy and physiology of this system, essential to the understanding of structural anomalies and the sequential changes encountered in intrauterine growth restriction and other developmental disorders. In Part II we review the etiology and sonographic appearance of malformations of the human fetal venous system, discuss the pathophysiology of the system and describe venous Doppler investigation in the fetus with circulatory compromise. Copyright � 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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