Numerous mitochondrial constituents and metabolic products can function as damage-associated
molecular patterns (DAMPs) and promote inflammation when released into the cytosol …

Calcium (Ca 2+ ) homeostasis is fundamental for cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation,
and cell death. Elevation in intracellular Ca 2+ concentration is dependent either on Ca 2+ …

The 66-kilodalton isoform of the growth factor adapter Shc (p66 Shc ) translates oxidative
damage into cell death by acting as reactive oxygen species (ROS) producer within …

Apoptosis is a form of regulated cell death (RCD) that involves proteases of the caspase
family. Pharmacological and genetic strategies that experimentally inhibit or delay apoptosis in …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules, mainly generated inside
mitochondria that can oxidize DNA, proteins, and lipids. At physiological levels, ROS function as “…

Calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) are some of the most versatile signalling molecules, and they have
many physiological functions, prominently including muscle contraction, neuronal excitability, …

Since 1929, when it was discovered that ATP is a substrate for muscle contraction, the
knowledge about this purine nucleotide has been greatly expanded. Many aspects of cell …

The term “mitochondrial permeability transition” (MPT) refers to an abrupt increase in the
permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane to low molecular weight solutes. Due to …

The heterogenous subcellular distribution of a wide array of channels, pumps and exchangers
allows extracellular stimuli to induce increases in cytoplasmic Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2…

Protein phosphorylation controls many aspects of cell fate and is often deregulated in pathological
conditions. Several recent findings have provided an intriguing insight into the spatial …