Despite growing interest in temporal aspects of auditory neural processing 1 , 2 , little is
known about large-scale timing patterns of brain activity during the perception of auditory …

Hatched chicks with chimeric brains containing cells from both the domestic chicken (Gallus
gallus domesticus) and the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) have been …

Background Experience-dependent plastic changes in the brain underlying complex forms
of learning are generally initiated when organisms are awake, and this may limit the earliest …

The evolutionary brain modifications that produce any complex, congenital behavioral difference
between two species have never been identified. Evolutionary processes may (i) alter a …

Song syntax, defined as orderly temporal arrangements of acoustic units within a bird song,
is a conspicuous feature of the songs of many species of passerine birds. While syntactical …

'Pitch'refers to a sound's subjective highness or lowness, as distinct from'frequency,'which
refers to a sound's physical structure. In speech, music and other natural contexts, complex …

Biological contributions to cognitive development continue to be conceived predominantly
along deterministic lines, with proponents of different positions arguing about the …

Memory is one of the most fundamental mental processes. Neuroscientists study this process
by using extremely diverse strategies. Two different approaches aimed at understanding …

Music and speech are complex sound streams with hierarchical rules of temporal organization
that become elaborated over time. Here, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging …

In most animals, from bees to bulls, mice to men, it is possible to see at a glance whether an
individual is male or female. How and why these differences in appearance and behavior …