Several contributing factors have been implicated in evolutionary rate heterogeneity among
proteins, but their evolutionary mechanisms remain poorly characterized. The recently�…

Cells are segregated into two distinct compartment groups to optimize cellular function. The
first is characterized by lipid membranes that encapsulate specific regions and regulate�…

Drosophila melanogaster is one of the most well studied genetic model organisms;
nonetheless, its genome still contains unannotated coding and non-coding genes�…

To gain insight into how genomic information is translated into cellular and developmental
programs, the Drosophila model organism Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (modENCODE)�…

X chromosomes evolve differently from autosomes, but general governing principles have
not emerged. For example, genes with male-biased expression are under-represented on�…

Animal transcriptomes are dynamic, with each cell type, tissue and organ system expressing
an ensemble of transcript isoforms that give rise to substantial diversity. Here we have�…

Generation of the" epitranscriptome" through post-transcriptional ribonucleoside
modification embeds a layer of regulatory complexity into RNA structure and function. Here�…

Nuclear bodies contribute to non‐random organization of the human genome and nuclear
function. Using a major prototypical nuclear body, the Cajal body, as an example, we�…

Many animal species use a chromosome-based mechanism of sex determination, which has
led to the coordinate evolution of dosage-compensation systems. Dosage compensation not�…

Background Drosophila melanogaster females have two X chromosomes and two autosome
sets (XX; AA), while males have a single X chromosome and two autosome sets (X; AA)�…