Evidence from a variety of recording methods suggests that many areas of the brain are far
more sparsely active than commonly thought. Here, we review experimental findings�…

Biological networks have so many possible states that exhaustive sampling is impossible.
Successful analysis thus depends on simplifying hypotheses, but experiments on many�…

To understand a neural circuit completely requires simultaneous recording from most of the
neurons in that circuit. Here we report recording and spike sorting techniques that enable us�…

Gene activity is described by the time series of discrete, stochastic mRNA production events.
This transcriptional time series shows intermittent, bursty behavior. One consequence of this�…

In the classic" What the frog's eye tells the frog's brain," Lettvin and colleagues [1] showed
that different types of retinal ganglion cell send specific kinds of information. For example�…

Information is carried in the brain by the joint activity patterns of large groups of neurons.
Understanding the structure and function of population neural codes is challenging because�…

Neural populations encode information about their stimulus in a collective fashion, by joint
activity patterns of spiking and silence. A full account of this mapping from stimulus to neural�…

Studying the dynamics of neural activity via electrical recording, relies on the ability to detect
and sort neural spikes recorded from a number of neurons by the same electrode. We�…

Recently, we reported a novel technique for recording all of the ganglion cells in a retinal
patch and showed that their receptive fields cover visual space roughly 60 times over in the�…

We present long-term (∼ hours) measurements of the spontaneous activity of two-
dimensional cortical cell neural networks placed on multielectrode arrays. We compare�…