Recent examples have highlighted how stem cells have the capability to initiate
morphogenesis in vitro; that is, to generate complex structures in culture that closely parallel�…

Cancer tissues are composed of cancer cells and the surrounding stromal cells (eg,
fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, and immune cells), in addition to the extracellular�…

Irrigation with wastewater supports agricultural production and the livelihoods of millions of
smallholder farmers in many parts of the world. Considering the importance of better�…

We have upgraded many features of the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System
(PHITS) and released the new version as PHITS3. 02. The accuracy and the applicable�…

Abstract TIE-1 and Tie-2 define a new class of receptor tyrosine kinases that are specifically
expressed in developing vascular endothelial cells. To study the functions of Tie-1 and Tie-2�…

An upgraded version of the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System, PHITS2. 52, was
developed and released to the public. The new version has been greatly improved from the�…

Hepatic transdifferentiation of bone marrow cells has been previously demonstrated by
intravenous administration of donor cells, which may recirculate to the liver after undergoing�…

Colorectal tumor is a heterogeneous disease, with varying clinical presentation and
prognosis in patients. To establish a platform encompassing this diversity, we generated 55�…

Homeostasis of self-renewing small intestinal crypts results from neutral competition
between Lgr5 stem cells, which are small cycling cells located at crypt bottoms,. Lgr5 stem�…

The intestinal epithelium is the most rapidly self-renewing tissue in adult mammals. We have
recently demonstrated the presence of about six cycling Lgr5+ stem cells at the bottoms of�…