The many complex phenotypes of cancer have all been attributed to “somatic mutation.”
These phenotypes include anaplasia, autonomous growth, metastasis, abnormal cell�…

Retroviruses (without transforming genes) are thought to cause leukemias and other
cancers in animals and humans because they were originally isolated from those diseases�…

Conventional genetic theories have failed to explain why cancer (1) is not heritable and thus
extremely rare in newborns,(2) is caused by non-mutagenic carcinogens,(3) develops only�…

Genetic and phenotypic instability are hallmarks of cancer cells, but their cause is not clear.
The leading hypothesis suggests that a poorly defined gene mutation generates genetic�…

The 60–70S RNAs of several transforming and nontransforming avian tumor viruses have
different electrophoretic mobilities. The RNA of transforming viruses contains two�…

Only two avian oncogenic viruses specifically cause acute leukaemias yet do not transform
chicken fibroblasts in culture: E26, which causes erythroblastosis and a low level of�…

The ribonucleoprotein (RNP) internal components of influenza virus were separated into
distinct size classes by sedimentation in glycerol gradients and examined by electron�…

The mutation rates of cancer cells to drug and multidrug resistance are paradoxically high,
ie, 10− 3 to 10− 6, compared with those altering phenotypes of recessive genes in normal�…

Carcinogenesis is a multistep process in which new, parasitic and polymorphic cancer cells
evolve from a single, normal diploid cell. This normal cell is converted to a prospective�…

An eminent scientist and pioneer in the discovery of retroviruses challenges the widely
accepted belief that HIV is the cause of AIDS. Peter H. Duesberg argues that HIV is merely a�…