Cancer susceptibility genes have been classified into two groups: gatekeepers and
caretakers. Gatekeepers are genes that control cell proliferation and death, whereas�…

Higher order chromatin structure presents a barrier to the recognition and repair of DNA
damage. Double-strand breaks (DSBs) induce histone H2AX phosphorylation, which is�…

Antibodies against nuclear self-antigens are characteristic of systemic autoimmunity,
although mechanisms promoting their generation and selection are unclear. Here, we report�…

Nonreciprocal translocations and gene amplifications are commonly found in human tumors.
Although little is known about the mechanisms leading to such aberrations, tissue culture�…

Histone H2AX becomes phosphorylated in chromatin domains flanking sites of DNA double-
strand breakage associated with γ-irradiation, meiotic recombination, DNA replication, and�…

Chromosomal abnormalities are a defining feature of solid tumors. Such cytogenetic
alterations are mainly classified into structural chromosomal aberrations and copy number�…

Class switch recombination (CSR) is a region-specific DNA recombination reaction that
replaces one immunoglobulin heavy-chain constant region (Ch) gene with another. This�…

Chromosomal aneuploidies are a defining feature of carcinomas, ie, tumors of epithelial
origin. Such aneuploidies result in tumor specific genomic copy number alterations. The�…

Purpose There is a wide spectrum of tumor responsiveness of rectal adenocarcinomas to
preoperative chemoradiotherapy ranging from complete response to complete resistance�…

Recent studies have demonstrated that DNA cleavage during V (D) J recombination is
mediated by the RAG1 and RAG2 proteins. These proteins must therefore bind to the�…