Breathing is a well-described, vital and surprisingly complex behaviour, with behavioural
and physiological outputs that are easy to directly measure. Key neural elements for�…

Breathing is a vital rhythmic motor behavior with a surprisingly broad influence on the brain
and body. The apparent simplicity of breathing belies a complex neural control system, the�…

Recent advances have clarified how the brain detects CO 2 to regulate breathing (central
respiratory chemoreception). These mechanisms are reviewed and their significance is�…

Social behaviors, such as mating, fighting, and parenting, are fundamental for survival of any
vertebrate species. All members of a species express social behaviors in a stereotypical and�…

The episodic nature of locomotion is thought to be controlled by descending inputs from the
brainstem. Most studies have largely attributed this control to initiating excitatory signals, but�…

The preB�tzinger Complex (preB�tC), a compact medullary region essential for generating
normal breathing rhythm and pattern, is the kernel of the breathing central pattern generator�…

Objectives This study sought to identify subcellular Ca2+ signals within and among cells
comprising the sinoatrial node (SAN) tissue. Background The current paradigm of SAN�…

Normal breathing in rodents requires activity of glutamatergic Dbx1-derived (Dbx1+)
preB�tzinger Complex (preB�tC) neurons expressing somatostatin (SST). We combined in�…

Central pattern generators (CPGs) are generally defined as networks of neurons capable of
enabling the production of central commands, specifically controlling stereotyped, rhythmic�…

A key question in systems neuroscience is to identify how sensory stimuli are represented in
neuronal activity, and how the activity of sensory neurons in turn is “read out” by downstream�…