The effects of stress on learning and memory are not always clear: both facilitating and
impairing influences are described in the literature. Here we propose a unifying theory�…

We have reviewed research on the effects of stress on LTP in the hippocampus, amygdala
and prefrontal cortex (PFC) and present new findings which provide insight into how the�…

The mesolimbic dopaminergic (ML-DA) system has been recognized for its central role in
motivated behaviors, various types of reward, and, more recently, in cognitive processes�…

Fear arousal, initiated by an environmental threat, leads to activation of the stress response,
a state of alarm that promotes an array of autonomic and endocrine changes designed to aid�…

Objective This article reviews the structural and functional changes in pain chronification
and explores the association between memory and the development of chronic pain�…

Acoustic experience such as sound, noise, or absence of sound induces structural or
functional changes in the central auditory system but can also affect limbic regions such as�…

Given the extensive neural networks connecting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)
with other subcortical regions, the DLPFC has been implicated in a wide range of�…

Although exposure to substantial stress has a major impact on the development of
depression, there is considerable variability in the susceptibility of individuals to the adverse�…

Objective: We aimed to study the neural processing of emotion‐denoting words based on a
circumplex model of affect, which posits that all emotions can be described as a linear�…

Background Respective changes in resting-state cerebral blood flow (CBF) and functional
connectivity in schizophrenia have been reported. However, their coupling alterations in�…