Microglial cells are the resident macrophages in the central nervous system. These cells of
mesodermal/mesenchymal origin migrate into all regions of the central nervous system�…

Mounting evidence indicates that microglial activation contributes to neuronal damage in
neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies show that in response to certain environmental�…

Any pathologic event in the brain leads to the activation of microglia, the immunocompetent
cells of the central nervous system. In recent decades diverse molecular pathways have�…

Over the past two decades it became evident that the immune system plays a central role in
modulating learning, memory and neural plasticity. Under normal quiescent conditions�…

Despite decades of intensive research, the biological mechanisms that causally underlie
depression are still unclear, and therefore the development of novel effective antidepressant�…

Significant progress has been made in understanding the neurobiological mechanisms
through which exercise protects and restores the brain. In this feature review, we integrate�…

Microglia, the macrophages of the central nervous system parenchyma, have in the normal
healthy brain a distinct phenotype induced by molecules expressed on or secreted by�…

Microglia are brain resident macrophages originated from primitive progenitor cells in the
yolk sac. Microglia can be activated within hours and recruited to the lesion site�…

As the major cellular component of the innate immune system in the central nervous system
(CNS) and the first line of defense whenever injury or disease occurs, microglia play a�…

A large population of neural stem/precursor cells (NSCs) persists in the ventricular–
subventricular zone (V-SVZ) located in the walls of the lateral brain ventricles. V-SVZ NSCs�…