The goal of this chapter is to consider the manner in which a wide range of factors influence
both brain and behavioral development. The factors range from whole environmental�…

Psychoactive bath salts (PABS) comprise a group of highly dangerous designer drugs
showing a sharp escalation in reported US exposures from 2010 through 2012, following�…

This study aimed to evaluate cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of children
with prenatal drug exposure in a clinical context. A hospital-based cohort of 10-to 14-year�…

Genome-wide studies of psychiatric conditions frequently fail to explain a substantial
proportion of variance, and replication of individual SNP effects is rare. We demonstrate a�…

Methadone maintenance therapy is the standard of care in many countries for opioid-
dependent women who become pregnant. Despite recent evidence showing significant�…

The continuing education course on Developmental Neurotoxicity Testing (DNT) was
designed to communicate current practices for DNT neuropathology, describe promising�…

Nicotine and cannabis are two of the most commonly consumed licit and illicit drugs during
pregnancy, often consumed together via e-cigarettes. Vaping is assumed to be a safer�…

Background Prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) is associated with arousal dysregulation, but
interactions between exposure and age are rarely investigated directly with longitudinal�…

This study examined changes in dendritic morphology and spine density in multiple brain
regions [Zilles' areas:(i) the C g3 region of the anterior cingulate cortex or the medial�…

Background The negative impacts of prenatal exposure to alcohol on infants and children
are not new topics. History shows a conventional belief in ancient Greek and Roman�…