Covering: 2020 This review covers the literature published in 2020 for marine natural
products (MNPs), with 757 citations (747 for the period January to December 2020) referring�…

Cnidarians have been known since ancient times for the painful stings they induce to
humans. The effects of the stings range from skin irritation to cardiotoxicity and can result in�…

This article provides a brief overview of the literature related to the chemical ecology of sea
anemones, focusing on their venom, and summarizing their bioprospecting potential. Sea�…

Over the past decades, envenomation by caterpillars of Automeris spp. became an
increasing health problem in Latin America. Accidental contact with the stinging spines of�…

Many human cardiovascular and neurological disorders (such as ischemia, epileptic
seizures, traumatic brain injury, neuropathic pain, etc.) are associated with the abnormal�…

Kunitz-type peptides from venomous animals have been known to inhibit different
proteinases and also to modulate ion channels and receptors, demonstrating analgesic, anti�…

Sea anemones are valuable for therapeutic research as a diversified source of bioactive
molecules, due to their diverse bioactive molecules linked to predation and defence�…

Pain after envenomation is a well-known phenomenon: touching a nettle, stepping on a bee,
or becoming wrapped in jellyfish tentacles are relatively common encounters in our lives�…

The present review article describes invertebrate venoms and various toxins secreted by
them. Animal venoms are stores of novel peptides which exhibit a wide variety of biological�…

The gene structure and amino acid sequences of the precursor proteins of the sea anemone
Heteractis magnifica neurotoxin RpII, a modulator of voltage-gated sodium channels, have�…