Fibroblasts are diverse mesenchymal cells that participate in tissue homeostasis and
disease by producing complex extracellular matrix and creating signaling niches through�…

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is a complex and dynamic process
regulated by various pro-and anti-angiogenic molecules, which plays a crucial role in tumor�…

TGFβ signalling has key roles in cancer progression: most carcinoma cells have inactivated
their epithelial antiproliferative response and benefit from increased TGFβ expression and�…

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a secreted cytokine that regulates cell proliferation,
migration, and the differentiation of a plethora of different cell types. Consistent with these�…

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is considered as a crucial mediator in tissue fibrosis
and causes tissue scarring largely by activating its downstream small mother against�…

Liver fibrosis is an advanced liver disease condition, which could progress to cirrhosis and
hepatocellular carcinoma. To date, there is no direct approved antifibrotic therapy, and�…

Encoded in mammalian cells by 33 genes, the transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) family
of secreted, homodimeric and heterodimeric proteins controls the differentiation of most, if�…

Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family members are structurally and functionally related
cytokines that have diverse effects on the regulation of cell fate during embryonic�…

Ischemic stroke, which accounts for 75–80% of all strokes, is the predominant cause of
morbidity and mortality worldwide. The post-stroke immune response has recently emerged�…

Abstract 'Jack of all trades, master of everything'is a fair label for transforming growth factor
β1 (TGF-β)–a cytokine that controls our life at many levels. In the adult organism, TGF-β1 is�…