Background Transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance can compromise initial antiretroviral therapy
(ART); therefore, its detection is important for patient management. The absence of drug�…

Background It is largely unknown how frequently low-abundance HIV drug-resistant variants
at levels under limit of detection of conventional genotyping (< 20% of quasi-species) are�…

Background. The prevalence of drug resistance among persons with newly acquired human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is well documented. However, it is unclear to what�…

The development of more recently approved drugs that cannot be tested as monotherapy
precludes assessment of the impact of resistance on antiretroviral activity that is not�…

Minor drug-resistant variants exist in every patient infected with human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV). Because these minority variants are usually present at very low levels, they�…

ContextThere is concern that the widespread use of antiretroviral drugs to treat human
immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection may result in the increased transmission of drug�…

The International AIDS Society–USA (IAS–USA) Drug Resistance Mutations Group is
marking 6 years as an independent volunteer panel of experts focused on identifying key�…

Context Presence of low-frequency, or minority, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-
1) drug resistance mutations may adversely affect response to antiretroviral treatment (ART)�…

Background Growing evidence has linked HIV-1 resistance mutations and drug failure. The
use of genotypic-resistance analysis to assist therapeutic decision-making in patients failing�…

Technologic advances in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sequencing have
revolutionized the study of antiretroviral drug resistance and are increasingly moving from�…