ABSTRACT “Norwalk-like viruses”(NLVs), members of a newly defined genus of the family
Caliciviridae, are the most common agents of outbreaks of gastroenteritis in the United�…

Human caliciviruses (HuCVs) are antigenically diverse. The antigenic relationships among
different HuCVs have been difficult to study because HuCVs cannot be passaged in the�…

Genomic characterization of Norwalk-like human caliciviruses (NLVs) originating from
outbreaks and sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis has revealed surprisingly high levels�…

Norwalk virus (NV) is the prototype strain of a group of noncultivatable caliciviruses that
infect humans and cause outbreaks of epidemic acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis. The NV�…

The Norwalk and Hawaii viruses are antigenically distinct members of the family
Caliciviridae and are considered to be important etiologic agents of epidemic gastroenteritis�…

In 1972, the “Norwalk agent” was discovered in fecal specimens collected during the
investigation of an outbreak of gastroenteritis at an elementary school in Norwalk, Ohio [1�…

Norwalk‐like viruses (NLV) are important economically as a cause of both sporadic
gastroenteritis in the community and large outbreaks in hospitals and other institutional�…

Abstract In the United States, acute gastroenteritis is one of the most commonly noted
illnesses on hospital discharge records and death certificates, yet few of these cases have�…

Since the discovery of the Norwalk virus (NV) by immune electron microscopy (IEM) in 1972,
serologic studies with this virus have relied on particle-positive fecal material from infected�…

Members of the Caliciviridae family of small, positive-sense RNA viruses exhibit a broad
host range. The Norwalk and Norwalk-like caliciviruses in this family are major etiologic�…