This research explores tests for statistical suppression. Suppression is a statistical
phenomenon whereby the magnitude of an effect becomes larger when another variable is�…

Mediation effects occur when an independent variable lies in the causal path of another
independent variable, thereby swamping its effects. Mediation effects can impact the ability�…

Observational data are prevalent in many fields of research, and it is desirable to use this
data to make causal inferences. Because this data is nonrandom, additional assumptions�…

Suppression effects in multiple linear regression are one of the most elusive phenomena in
the educational and psychological measurement literature. The question is, How can�…

In educational research, a randomized controlled trial is the best design to eliminate
potential selection bias in a sample to support valid causal inferences, but it is not always�…

Suppressor effects are considered one of the most elusive dynamics in the interpretation of
statistical data. A suppressor variable has been defined as a predictor that has a zero�…

The important and sometimes difficult-to-grasp concept of regression suppressor variable
effects is explored. An inquiry into the phenomenon of suppressor effects is accomplished�…

Multiple regression techniques are a valuable tool in conducting ecological studies,
especially when provisions are made to control for problems dealing with the interaction of�…

Background: Causal inference continues to be a critical aspect of evaluation research.
Recent research in causal inference for statistical mediation has focused on addressing the�…

Suppression effect is one of the most elusive and difficult to understand dynamics in multiple
regression analysis. Suppressor variable (s) and their dynamics in multiple regression�…