Metastasis is a multistage process that requires cancer cells to escape from the primary
tumour, survive in the circulation, seed at distant sites and grow. Each of these processes�…

The two biological mechanisms that determine types of malignancy are infiltration and
metastasis, for which tumour microenvironment plays a key role in developing and�…

By the time of diagnosis, primary neoplasms are biologically heterogeneous and contain
subpopulations of cells with different metastatic potentials. The pathogenesis of a metastasis�…

Over recent decades, various studies have argued that the metastatic tissue
microenvironment is fully controlled by the intrinsic properties of the cancer cells (growth�…

Simple Summary Metastasis, the process by which cancer cells escape primary tumor site
and colonize distant organs, is responsible for most cancer-related deaths. The tumor�…

Primary neoplasms are biologically heterogeneous and the process of metastasis consists
of a series of sequential, selective steps that few cells can complete. The outcome of cancer�…

Cancer cells acquire cell-autonomous capacities to undergo limitless proliferation and
survival through the activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes�…

During tumor development, tumor cells constantly communicate with the surrounding
microenvironment through both biochemical and biophysical cues. In particular, the tumor�…

The major cause of death from cancer is due to metastases that are resistant to conventional
therapies. Several reasons account for the failure to treat metastases. First, neoplasms are�…

The authors review how cancer cells may cooperate in metastasis by means of
microenvironmental changes. The main mechanisms underlying this cooperation are�…