Several colonies of rats and mice have been reared totally free of viable microorganisms,
some for over 10 years. A variety of other species including monkeys, dogs, sheep and�…

Hall and BruchI have inaicated that plastic barrier techniques similar to those usea to
maintain gnotobiotic ani-mals could be usea for sterile insert ion with spacecraft providea�…

Germ‐free mice were introduced to test the efficiency and use of a human isolator designed
to prevent the entry of viable bacteria. The mice remained free from bacterial contamination�…

In 1959 and 1960, official policy letters were formulated by the administrator and the deputy
administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration declaring that it was�…

The relationship between the animal host and its resident population of microorganisms has
fascinated scientists for many years. As long ago as 1885 Louis Pasteur, in a now famous�…

The hazard from microbiological contamination in the interiors of components of planetary-
impacting spacecraft has been generally recognized, but techniques for experimentally�…

ROTOZOA may be divided roughly into large groups depending upon how they respond to
various influences. One such large group is negatively geotropic. The apparatus described�…

Studies of microbial survival in simulated deep-space conditions have established that these
conditions will not sterilize contaminated spacecraft. Likewise, data presented at this and�…

Compatibility of sterilization and contamination control with application to spacecraft
assembly, emphasizing concentration of microbiological particles under present clean room�…