Background Reform of the welfare system is a policy priority of the Commonwealth
Government. A central element of welfare reform, both in Australia and internationally, is an�…

Teenage sole mothers in receipt of welfare benefits are seriously affected by systematic and
radical restructuring of Aotearoa/New Zealand's state welfare system since 2008. With few�…

Single motherhood is associated with higher demands in home and family responsibilities
that may exist in similar sized households with grandparents. These demands can compete�…

abstract South Africa faces great challenges with extremely high unemployment and deep
poverty. A large proportion of households are challenged to meet minimum required�…

Abstract Background There is a high burden of depression globally, including in South
Africa. Maternal depression is associated with poverty, unstable income, food insecurity, and�…

Women's decision-making is a phenomenon in children's nutritional outcomes. This study
investigated the causal effect of women's decision-making on child nutritional outcomes�…

The cost of childcare has a significant impact on the decision of parents–particularly mothers–
to work. Prior to the introduction of subsidies for formal childcare in Ireland in 2019 through�…

The global economic recession, rising food prices and so-called 'austerity'policies in some
European countries have made food less affordable for households. In this context, food�…

This thesis presents a study of women's empowerment in Nepal, a low-income country in
South Asia with significant gender inequities across multiple dimensions. The thesis took�…

Although many opponents of welfare reform predicted that it would increase hardship, the
official poverty rate for female headed families with children fell from 42 percent in 1996 to�…