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. 2024 Jun 5;82(2):174-186.
doi: 10.1684/abc.2024.1883.

The role of small dense LDL-C/large buoyant LDL-C ratio as an independent risk factor in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome

Cui Wang  1 , Yaoze Li  2 , Pei Peng  3   4 , Hao Lin  5 , Yulin Zhu  1 , Xiangdong Xu  6 , PingPing Wu  1 , Yali Zhang  1 , Ting Xu  1 , Jian Ren  1 , Haibo Xu  1 , Guoyu Dong  1 , Yue Xu  3   4 , Huihui Jiang  3   4 , Jiangman Zhao  3   4 , Yufeng Zhai  3   4 , Guotian Zai  1
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The role of small dense LDL-C/large buoyant LDL-C ratio as an independent risk factor in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome

Cui Wang et al. Ann Biol Clin (Paris). .

Abstract

Dyslipidemia plays a key role in metabolic syndrome (MS), intricately linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the differences in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) subfraction levels between T2DM and T2DM with MS, and identify the risk factors associated with the disease. A total of 246 individuals diagnosed with T2DM, including 144 T2DM patients with MS, and 147 healthy subjects were recruited. All participants underwent a comprehensive clinical evaluation. Lipoprotein subfraction analysis was performed using the Lipoprint LDL system. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that several lipid markers, including triglyceride (TG), LDL-C, large buoyant LDL-C (lbLDL-C), small dense LDL-C (sdLDL-C), LDLC2-5, and sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio, were identified as independent risk factors for T2DM. Additionally, TG, sdLDL-C, LDLC-4, LDLC-5, and sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio were found to be independent risk factors for T2DM with MS. Furthermore, the results of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated that sdLDL-C, LDLC-4, LDLC-3, and sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio exhibited excellent predictive performance for the risk of T2DM (AUC > 0.9). The sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio emerges as a shared independent risk factor for T2DM and MS complications. Furthermore, sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio, along with LDL-4 and LDL-3, exhibits noteworthy predictive capabilities for T2DM.

Keywords: dyslipidemia; metabolic syndrome; risk factor; sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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