Mitochondrial quality control in human health and disease
- PMID: 38812059
- PMCID: PMC11134732
- DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00536-5
Mitochondrial quality control in human health and disease
Abstract
Mitochondria, the most crucial energy-generating organelles in eukaryotic cells, play a pivotal role in regulating energy metabolism. However, their significance extends beyond this, as they are also indispensable in vital life processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, immune responses, and redox balance. In response to various physiological signals or external stimuli, a sophisticated mitochondrial quality control (MQC) mechanism has evolved, encompassing key processes like mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitophagy, which have garnered increasing attention from researchers to unveil their specific molecular mechanisms. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the primary mechanisms and functions of key regulators involved in major components of MQC. Furthermore, the critical physiological functions regulated by MQC and its diverse roles in the progression of various systemic diseases have been described in detail. We also discuss agonists or antagonists targeting MQC, aiming to explore potential therapeutic and research prospects by enhancing MQC to stabilize mitochondrial function.
Keywords: Cancer; Cardiovascular disease; Digestive system disease; Kidney disease; Metabolic disease; Metabolism; Mitochondrial quality control; Nervous disease; Programmed cell death; Pulmonary disease.
© 2024. The Author(s).
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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