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Review
. 2024 May 17;16(10):1515.
doi: 10.3390/nu16101515.

Combined Lifestyle Interventions in the Prevention and Management of Asthma and COPD: A Systematic Review

Charlotte D C Born  1 , Rohini Bhadra  1   2 , George D'Souza  3 , Stef P J Kremers  4 , Sucharita Sambashivaiah  2   5 , Annemie M W J Schols  1 , Rik Crutzen  6 , Rosanne J H C G Beijers  1 ; P4O2 Consortium
Affiliations
Review

Combined Lifestyle Interventions in the Prevention and Management of Asthma and COPD: A Systematic Review

Charlotte D C Born et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

(1) Background: A healthy lifestyle has a protective role against the onset and management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, combined lifestyle interventions (CLIs) are a potentially valuable prevention approach. This review aims to provide an overview of existing CLIs for the prevention and management of asthma or COPD. (2) Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycInfo. Studies were included if CLIs targeted at least two lifestyle factors. (3) Results: Among the 56 included studies, 9 addressed asthma and 47 addressed COPD management, with no studies focusing on prevention. For both conditions, the most prevalent combination of lifestyle targets was diet and physical activity (PA), often combined with smoking cessation in COPD. The studied CLIs led to improvements in quality of life, respiratory symptoms, body mass index/weight, and exercise capacity. Behavioural changes were only measured in a limited number of studies and mainly showed improvements in dietary intake and PA level. (4) Conclusions: CLIs are effective within asthma and COPD management. Next to optimising the content and implementation of CLIs, these positive results warrant paying more attention to CLIs for persons with an increased risk profile for these chronic respiratory diseases.

Keywords: COPD; asthma; chronic respiratory disease; combined lifestyle intervention; management.

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Conflict of interest statement

C. Born, A. Schols, and R. Beijers are part of the P4O2 consortium, which is financially supported by a public and private partnership sponsored by Health Holland. No conflicts of interest exist for the other authors.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Prisma flowchart: selection of included studies. CLI: combined lifestyle intervention.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Combinations of lifestyle factor targets in CLIs. CLI: combined lifestyle intervention, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PA: physical activity, SM: stress management.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) Reported outcomes and effects of CLIs for COPD management; (B) Reported outcomes and effects of CLIs for asthma management; BMI: body mass index, CLI: combined lifestyle intervention, FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s, PA: physical activity, QoL: quality of life.
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