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Review
. 2024 Apr 19:15:1352671.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1352671. eCollection 2024.

Exploration beyond osteoarthritis: the association and mechanism of its related comorbidities

Bo Li  1 , Zhenguo Yang  1 , Yang Li  1 , Jiuchao Zhang  1 , Chengen Li  1 , Naishan Lv  1
Affiliations
Review

Exploration beyond osteoarthritis: the association and mechanism of its related comorbidities

Bo Li et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent age-related degenerative joint disease and a leading cause of pain and disability in aged people. Its etiology is multifaceted, involving factors such as biomechanics, pro-inflammatory mediators, genetics, and metabolism. Beyond its evident impact on joint functionality and the erosion of patients' quality of life, OA exhibits symbiotic relationships with various systemic diseases, giving rise to various complications. This review reveals OA's extensive impact, encompassing osteoporosis, sarcopenia, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, neurological disorders, mental health, and even cancer. Shared inflammatory processes, genetic factors, and lifestyle elements link OA to these systemic conditions. Consequently, recognizing these connections and addressing them offers opportunities to enhance patient care and reduce the burden of associated diseases, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to managing OA and its complications.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; cardiovascular diseases; dementia; diabetes mellitus; mental disease; osteoarthritis; osteoporosis; sarcopenia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chronic systemic inflammation, ROS, and genetic factors link osteoarthritis with multisystemic comorbidities mechanisms. Osteoarthritis, a chronic degenerative joint disease, involves structural changes in the hyaline articular cartilage, subchondral bone, ligaments, capsule, synovium, periarticular muscles, as well as meniscus degeneration and infrapatellar fat pad fibrosis and inflammation. There are intricate connections between OA and various systemic diseases, sharing common underlying mechanisms including Chronic Systemic Inflammation, ROS, and Genetic Influences. These mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of OA and serve as significant risk factors for multi-system comorbidities. Templates adapted to create this figure are freely available from Servier Medical Art (https://smart.servier.com/), licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The multisystemic impact of osteoarthritis: a comprehensive overview. OA manifests symbiotic relationships with several systemic diseases, thereby giving rise to numerous comorbidities. These include skeletal-muscular diseases, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine and metabolic diseases, nervous system diseases, mental diseases, and solid cancers. Templates adapted to create this figure are freely available from Servier Medical Art (https://smart.servier.com/), licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Grants and funding

The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.