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. 2024 Apr;121(4):e20230490.
doi: 10.36660/abc.20230490.

Resistance Exercise Training Mitigates Cardiac Remodeling Induced by a High-Fat Diet in Rodents: A Systematic Review

[Article in Portuguese, English]
Alexandre Martins Oliveira Portes  1   2 , Sebastião Felipe Ferreira Costa  1 , Luciano Bernardes Leite  1 , Victor Neiva Lavorato  2 , Denise Coutinho de Miranda  2 , Anselmo Gomes de Moura  1 , Leôncio Lopes Soares  1 , Mauro César Isoldi  2 , Antônio José Natali  1
Affiliations

Resistance Exercise Training Mitigates Cardiac Remodeling Induced by a High-Fat Diet in Rodents: A Systematic Review

[Article in Portuguese, English]
Alexandre Martins Oliveira Portes et al. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2024 Apr.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Background: Obesity is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases and is a serious public health problem. In animal models, high-fat diet (HFD) feeding impairs cardiac structure and function and promotes oxidative stress and apoptosis. Resistance exercise training (RT), however, has been recommended as coadjutant in the treatment of cardiometabolic diseases, including obesity, because it increases energy expenditure and stimulates lipolysis.

Objective: In this systematic review, we aimed to assess the benefits of RT on the heart of rats and mice fed HFD.

Methods: Original studies were identified by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases from December 2007 to December 2022. This study was conducted in accordance with the criteria established by PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022369217). The risk of bias and methodological quality was evaluated by SYRCLE and CAMARADES, respectively. Eligible studies included original articles published in English that evaluated cardiac outcomes in rodents submitted to over 4 weeks of RT and controlled by a sedentary, HFD-fed control group (n = 5).

Results: The results showed that RT mitigates cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. It also modifies the activity of structural remodeling markers, although it does not alter biometric parameters, histomorphometric parameters, or the contractile function of cardiomyocytes.

Conclusion: Our results indicate that RT partially counteracts the HFD-induced adverse cardiac remodeling by increasing the activity of structural remodeling markers; elevating mitochondrial biogenesis; reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and endoplasmic reticulum stress; and improving hemodynamic, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters.

Fundamento: A obesidade está associada ao desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares e constitui um grave problema de saúde pública. Em modelos animais, a alimentação com uma dieta hiperlipídica (DH) compromete a estrutura e a função cardíaca e promove estresse oxidativo e apoptose. O treinamento resistido (TR), entretanto, tem sido recomendado como coadjuvante no tratamento de doenças cardiometabólicas, incluindo a obesidade, porque aumenta o gasto energético e estimula a lipólise.

Objetivo: Na presente revisão sistemática, nosso objetivo foi avaliar os benefícios do TR no coração de ratos e camundongos alimentados com DH.

Métodos: Foram identificados estudos originais por meio de busca nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Embase de dezembro de 2007 a dezembro de 2022. O presente estudo foi conduzido de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos pelo PRISMA e registrado no PROSPERO (CRD42022369217). O risco de viés e a qualidade metodológica foram avaliados pelo SYRCLE e CAMARADES, respectivamente. Os estudos elegíveis incluíram artigos originais publicados em inglês que avaliaram desfechos cardíacos em roedores submetidos a mais de 4 semanas de TR e controlados por um grupo controle sedentário alimentado com DH (n = 5).

Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que o TR atenua o estresse oxidativo cardíaco, a inflamação e o estresse do retículo endoplasmático. Também modifica a atividade de marcadores de remodelamento estrutural, apesar de não alterar parâmetros biométricos, parâmetros histomorfométricos ou a função contrátil dos cardiomiócitos.

Conclusão: Nossos resultados indicam que o TR parcialmente neutraliza o remodelamento cardíaco adverso induzido pela DH, aumentando a atividade dos marcadores de remodelamento estrutural; elevando a biogênese mitocondrial; reduzindo o estresse oxidativo, marcadores inflamatórios e estresse do retículo endoplasmático; e melhorando os parâmetros hemodinâmicos, antropométricos e metabólicos.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potencial conflito de interesse

Não há conflito com o presente artigo.

Figures

Figura Central
Figura Central. : O Treinamento Resistido Atenua a Remodelação Cardíaca Induzida por uma Dieta Hiperlipídica em Roedores: Uma Revisão Sistemática
Figura 1
Figura 1. – Fluxograma de busca na literatura.
Figura 2
Figura 2. – Quadro de risco de viés, qualidade metodológica e relato dos resultados dos estudos incluídos na revisão sistemática.
Central Illustration
Central Illustration. : Resistance Exercise Training Mitigates Cardiac Remodeling Induced by a High-Fat Diet in Rodents: A Systematic Review
Figure 1
Figure 1. – Flow diagram for literature search.
Figure 2
Figure 2. – Risk of bias chart of methodological quality and reporting of results of studies included in the systematic review.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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