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Review
. 2024 Mar 29;12(4):765.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12040765.

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy-From Basics through Diagnosis to Treatment

Ewa Radzioch  1 , Bartłomiej Dąbek  1 , Marta Balcerczyk-Lis  1 , Weronika Frąk  1 , Piotr Fularski  1 , Ewelina Młynarska  1 , Jacek Rysz  2 , Beata Franczyk  1
Affiliations
Review

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy-From Basics through Diagnosis to Treatment

Ewa Radzioch et al. Biomedicines. .

Abstract

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the development of myocardial dysfunction in patients with diabetes despite the absence of comorbidities such as hypertension, atherosclerosis or valvular defect. The cardiovascular complications of poorly controlled diabetes are very well illustrated by the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), which showed a clear association between increasing levels of glycated hemoglobin and the development of heart failure (HF). The incidence of HF in patients with diabetes is projected to increase significantly, which is why its proper diagnosis and treatment is so important. Providing appropriate therapy focusing on antidiabetic and hypolipemic treatment with the consideration of pharmacotherapy for heart failure reduces the risk of CMD and reduces the incidence of cardiovascular complications. Health-promoting changes made by patients such as a low-carbohydrate diet, regular exercise and weight reduction also appear to be important in achieving appropriate outcomes. New hope for the development of therapies for DCM is offered by novel methods using stem cells and miRNA, which, however, require more thorough research to confirm their efficacy.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; diabetic cardiomyopathy; diagnosis; molecular mechanisms; risk factors; therapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Classification of primary cardiomyopathies with some examples [3].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Classification of secondary cardiomyopathies [3].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pathophysiology of DCM [16].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Oxidative stress [7].
Figure 5
Figure 5
Risk factors of DCM [35,36].
Figure 6
Figure 6
Management approach for diabetic cardiomyopathy: integrating lifestyle, glycemic control, and cardiovascular therapies [51,52].
Figure 7
Figure 7
Pillars of non-pharmacological treatment in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Strong indications for insulin use in DM2 patients for adequate glycemic control [88].
Figure 9
Figure 9
The SURPASS 1-5 study as an evaluation of tirzepatide in monotherapy or in combination with other known hypoglycemic drugs [96,100].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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This research received no external funding.