doi: 10.3390/cancers16050958.
Six-Month Prostate Cancer Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) Improves Urinary Function: A Randomized Trial
Affiliations
- PMID: 38473319
- PMCID: PMC10930549
- DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050958
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Six-Month Prostate Cancer Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) Improves Urinary Function: A Randomized Trial
Cancers (Basel).
.
Abstract
Purpose: This is a secondary analysis examining a six-month home-based Prostate Cancer-Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) on patient-reported urinary, bowel, sexual, and hormonal function in men with curative prostate cancer (PC) against standard of care. Methods: In a crossover clinical trial, 128 men scheduled for PC surgery (n = 62) or radiotherapy with/without hormones (n = 66) were randomized to PC-PEP (n = 66) or waitlist-control and received the standard of care for 6 months, and then PC-PEP to the end of the year. PC-PEP included daily emails with video instructions, aerobic and strength training, dietary guidance, stress management, and social support, with an initial PFMT nurse consultation. Over 6 months, participants in the PC-PEP received optional text alerts (up to three times daily) reminding them to follow the PFMT video program, encompassing relaxation, quick-twitch, and endurance exercises; compliance was assessed weekly. Participants completed baseline, 6, and 12-month International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaires. Results: At 6 months, men in the PC-PEP reported improved urinary bother (IPSS, p = 0.004), continence (EPIC, p < 0.001), and irritation/obstruction function (p = 0.008) compared to controls, with sustained urinary continence benefits at 12 months (p = 0.002). Surgery patients in the waitlist-control group had 3.5 (95% CI: 1.2, 10, p = 0.024) times and 2.3 (95% CI: 0.82, 6.7, p = 0.11) times higher odds of moderate to severe urinary problems compared to PC-PEP at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Conclusions: PC-PEP significantly improves lower urinary tract symptoms, affirming its suitability for clinical integration alongside established mental health benefits in men with curative prostate cancer.
Keywords: behavioural intervention; cancer survivorship; eHealth; erectile dysfunction; incontinence; patient education and activation; pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT); prostate cancer; sexual function; urinary function.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
Figures
CONSORT 2010 flow diagram. CONSORT = Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Comparative Analysis of Outcome Measures in Prostate Cancer Patients. This Figure presents a detailed comparison of outcome measures between the control group and participants in the Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) across three time points: baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. The data encompass observations from 128 patients who received curative treatment for prostate cancer in Nova Scotia, Canada. Specific measures include (A) I-PSS Sum Scores: Average scores on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), reflecting overall prostate-related symptoms. (B) I-PSS Bother Scores: Average scores detailing the level of inconvenience or distress caused by prostate symptoms. (C) EPIC Urinary Incontinence Scores: Scores from the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaire assessing the impact of treatment on urinary incontinence. (D) EPIC Urinary Irritative/Obstructive Scores: EPIC scores evaluating symptoms of urinary irritation or obstruction. (E) EPIC Bowel Scores: EPIC assessments of bowel function and related quality of life issues. (F) EPIC Sexual Function Scores: Scores reflecting the impact of treatment on sexual health and functioning. (G) Hormonal Scores: Measures evaluating the effects of treatment on hormonal health and related symptoms. Subsequent figures provide a more granular view, comparing outcomes from baseline to 6 months and analyzing differences between early intervention and late/waitlist-control within the PC-PEP group, stratified by type of treatment received. I-PSS = International Prostate Symptom Score; EPIC = Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; PC-PEP = Prostate Cancer Patient Empowerment Program.
Observed means for (A) average weekly PFMT compliance and (B) average number of minutes per day of PEMF compliance between the control and PC-PEP groups over 26 weeks among 128 curative prostate cancer patients treated in Nova Scotia, Canada.
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