Effects of Dietary Inclusion of a Crude Protein Source Exhibiting the Strongest Attractiveness to Red Sea Bream (Pagrus major) on Growth, Feed Availability, and Economic Efficiency
- PMID: 38473156
- PMCID: PMC10931256
- DOI: 10.3390/ani14050771
Effects of Dietary Inclusion of a Crude Protein Source Exhibiting the Strongest Attractiveness to Red Sea Bream (Pagrus major) on Growth, Feed Availability, and Economic Efficiency
Abstract
Dietary incorporation of an attractive feed protein source is a practical method of enhancing feed intake and consequently improving the growth of fish. The attractiveness of 18 crude protein sources to juvenile red sea bream (Pagrus major) and the effects of the dietary inclusion of the crude protein source that exhibited the strongest attractiveness on growth, feed availability, and economic efficiency were determined. Jack mackerel meal (JMM) showed the strongest attractiveness to red sea bream among 18 crude protein ingredients. In an 8-week feeding trial, 810 juveniles were randomly distributed into 27 tanks (30 fish/tank). Nine experimental diets were prepared. The control (Con) diet included 60% fish meal (FM). Various levels (1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 100%) of JMM were included at the expense of FM in the Con diet, and the resulting diets were named the JMM1, JMM3, JMM5, JMM10, JMM20, JMM40, JMM60, and JMM100 diets, respectively. Fish were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. The weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed consumption of red sea bream that were fed the JMM40, JMM60, and JMM100 diets were significantly (p < 0.0001 for all) higher than those of the fish fed all other diets. However, dietary JMM inclusion had no remarkable impacts on the feed utilization, biological indices, and chemical composition of the whole body of red sea bream. In terms of the economic view of the study, the economic profit index of red sea bream fed the JMM40, JMM60, and JMM100 diets was significantly (p < 0.0001) greater than that of the fish fed all other diets. In conclusion, the strongest attractiveness to red sea bream among 18 crude protein sources was observed in JMM. The inclusion of more than 40% JMM at the expense of FM in the diet of red sea bream is highly recommended for practical feed formulations to induce remarkable improvement in the growth performance of fish and the economic returns for farmers.
Keywords: attractiveness; economic profit index; feed availability; growth performance; jack mackerel meal.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Figures
Similar articles
-
Dietary Replacement Effect of Fish Meal by Tuna By-Product Meal on Growth and Feed Availability of Red Sea Bream (Pagrus major).Animals (Basel). 2024 Feb 22;14(5):688. doi: 10.3390/ani14050688. Animals (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38473073 Free PMC article.
-
Effects of protein hydrolysates supplementation in low fish meal diets on growth performance, innate immunity and disease resistance of red sea bream Pagrus major.Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2015 Aug;45(2):858-68. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.05.039. Epub 2015 Jun 11. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2015. PMID: 26074096
-
Replacement Effect of Fish Meal by Plant Protein Sources in Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Feeds with an Addition of Jack Mackerel Meal on Growth, Feed Availability, and Biochemical Composition.Aquac Nutr. 2023 Jul 15;2023:7965258. doi: 10.1155/2023/7965258. eCollection 2023. Aquac Nutr. 2023. PMID: 37483332 Free PMC article.
-
Influence of dietary replacement of fish meal with fish soluble meal on growth and TOR signaling pathway in juvenile black sea bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii).Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020 Jun;101:269-276. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.053. Epub 2020 Mar 31. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020. PMID: 32244030
-
Zebrafish Feed Intake: A Systematic Review for Standardizing Feeding Management in Laboratory Conditions.Biology (Basel). 2024 Mar 23;13(4):209. doi: 10.3390/biology13040209. Biology (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38666821 Free PMC article. Review.
References
-
- Peng D., Peng B., Li J., Zhang Y., Luo H., Xiao Q., Tang S., Liang X.F. Effects of three feed attractants on the growth, biochemical indicators, lipid metabolism and appetite of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi) Aquac. Rep. 2022;23:101075. doi: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101075. - DOI
-
- Heinsbroek L.T.N., Goedegebuur B.J., Bloemhof G., Flach R.B., de Jong G.D.C. Gastrointestinal and metabolic effects of feeding schedule on voluntary feed intake and growth of European eel, Anguilla anguilla. Aquac. Int. 2008;16:93–108. doi: 10.1007/s10499-007-9128-8. - DOI
-
- Hirt-Chabbert J.A., Skalli A., Young O.A., Gisbert E. Effects of feeding stimulants on the feed consumption, growth and survival at glass eel and elver stages in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) Aquac. Nutr. 2012;18:152–166. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00883.x. - DOI
-
- Abidi S.F., Khan M.A. Dietary threonine requirement of fingerling Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton) Aquac. Res. 2008;39:1498–1505. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2008.02018.x. - DOI
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources