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. 2024 Mar 2;25(1):190.
doi: 10.1186/s12891-024-07292-6.

Contralateral knee osteoarthritis is a risk factor for ipsilateral knee osteoarthritis progressing: a case control study

Zhengxu Dai #  1 , Tao Yang #  1 , Jun Liu  2
Affiliations

Contralateral knee osteoarthritis is a risk factor for ipsilateral knee osteoarthritis progressing: a case control study

Zhengxu Dai et al. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. .

Abstract

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a highly disabling disease, and studying its progression is crucial. However, it is still unclear whether the progression of ipsilateral knee osteoarthritis is influenced by contralateral knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: Data were collected from the OAI database and divided into two study cohorts (right/left KOA cohort). Each cohort had a target knee (right/left knee) and was further divided into two groups (exposure/control group). The demographic data of both cohorts were balanced at baseline by propensity score matching (PSM), and the data included rating scale and radiographic and clinical data. After checking for balance in the matched variables, we then compared the differences between the two groups in each cohort. Our primary focus was on the minimum joint space width (mJSW) of the target knee, which was measured four years after baseline. The secondary outcome was the arthroplasty rate of the target knee within nine years.

Results: In this study, a total of 678 participants were enrolled and matched. After 1:1 PSM of the baseline demographic data, 98 participants in the right KOA cohort (RKOAC) were successfully matched, and 117 participants in the left KOA cohort (LKOAC) were successfully matched. Furthermore, the standardized mean difference (SMD) of the matched variables in both cohorts was less than 0.25. After analyzing the outcome metrics, we found that the target knee had a significantly lower mJSW in the fourth year after baseline and a significantly greater arthroplasty rate within nine years in the exposed group than in the control group. RKOAC: mJSW (exposure: 2.6(1.1 ~ 3.6) vs. control: 3.3(2.0 ~ 4.2), P < 0.05), arthroplasty rate (exposure: 14(14.3%) vs. control: 4(4.1%), P < 0.05); LKOAC: mJSW (exposure: 3.1(2 ~ 3.9) vs. control: 3.4(2.6 ~ 4.2), P < 0.05), arthroplasty rate (exposure: 16(13.7%) vs. control: 7(6%), P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Patients with knee osteoarthritis experienced greater progression of osteoarthritis when the contralateral knee was also affected.

Keywords: Arthroplasty; Joint space width; Knee osteoarthritis; Propensity score matching; Side.

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Conflict of interest statement

The researcher claims no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow diagram of participants and study design about this research
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Comparison of SMD of R/LKOAC. SMD of all variables are lower than 25% after PSM, it means balanced well
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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