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. 2021 Dec 6;10(1):20-30.
doi: 10.5114/hpr.2021.110933. eCollection 2022.

Psychological pathways between type D personality and COVID-19

Kavous Shahsavarinia  1 , Zeinab Javadivala  1 , Hamid Allahverdipour  1 , Zahra Mousavi  1 , Farzaneh Hamidi  1 , Mohammad Saadati  2 , Ali Taghizadieh  1 , Parastoo Amiri  1 , Neda Gilani  1
Affiliations

Psychological pathways between type D personality and COVID-19

Kavous Shahsavarinia et al. Health Psychol Rep. .

Abstract

Background: Patients with a type D personality have worse social functioning and mental health and more affective constraints than non-type D personalities. They have a negative outlook on life and health-related issues. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of stress and anxiety in the relationship between type D personality and COVID-19 by adjustment of the effect of demographic characteristics and perceived symptoms as confounder variables.

Participants and procedure: A total of 196 patients out of those suspected of having COVID-19 and visiting the reference hospitals were selected. They had completed the type D personality and the anxiety and stress scales along with their hospital admission form before undergoing COVID-19 testing. After their COVID-19 test, the participants were divided into two groups based on their disease, an infected group (n = 90) and a non-infected group (n = 106).

Results: Type D personality has no significant direct effect on infection with the disease, but taking into account the mediating variable of stress, the odds of an event in those with type D personality is 2.21 times higher than those without this personality (p = .027) and, taking into account the mediating variable of anxiety, having a type D personality increases the odds of an event by 2.62 times (p = .011), holding demographic characteristics and perceived symptoms constant.

Conclusions: Given the indirect relationship between COVID-19 and type D personality, the mediating variables of stress and anxiety can be considered full mediating variables.

Keywords: COVID-19; anxiety; stress; type D personality.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Non-mediated (A) and mediated (B) pathways between type D personality and the occurrence of COVID-19. Path c’ represents the direct effect of type D personality on COVID-19 with the mediator included in the model. The indirect effect is the product of multiplying path a by path b. All the models were controlled for the demographic characteristics
Figure 2
Figure 2
Non-mediated (A) and mediated (B) pathways between type D personality and the occurrence of COVID-19. The paths’ unstandardized regression coefficients (b) with the standard errors (SE)
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