Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Nov 14:10:1225621.
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1225621. eCollection 2023.

Cardiac function, myocardial fat deposition, and lipid profile in young smokers: a cross-sectional study

Ana Natália Ribeiro Batista  1 , Thaís Garcia  1 , Robson Prudente  2 , Maurício F Barbosa  3 , Pamela Modesto  1 , Estefânia Franco  2 , Irma de Godoy  1 , Sergio Paiva  1 , Paula Azevedo  1 , Suzana Erico Tanni  1
Affiliations

Cardiac function, myocardial fat deposition, and lipid profile in young smokers: a cross-sectional study

Ana Natália Ribeiro Batista et al. Front Cardiovasc Med. .

Abstract

Background: There is a possibility that cardiac morphometric characteristics are associated with the lipid profile, that is, the composition and concentration of triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and others lipoproteins in young smokers without comorbidities. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the association of cardiac morphometric characteristics, myocardial fat deposition, and smoking cessation with the lipid profile of young smokers.

Methods: A clinical and laboratory evaluation of lipids and the smoking status was performed on 57 individuals, including both a smoker group and a control group. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with proton spectroscopy was performed to identify cardiac changes and triglyceride (TG) deposition in myocardial tissue.

Results: No differences were observed between the groups (control vs. smokers) in relation to the amount of myocardial TG deposition (p = 0.47); however, when TG deposition was correlated with cardiac MRI variables, a positive correlation was identified between smoking history and myocardial TG deposition [hazard ratio (95% CI), 0.07 (0.03-0.12); p = 0.002]. Furthermore, it was observed that the smoking group had lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [51 (45.5-59.5) mg/dl vs. 43 (36-49.5) mg/dl, p = 0.003] and higher TG [73 (58-110) mg/dl vs. 122 (73.5-133) mg/dl, p = 0.01] and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [14.6 (11.6-22.2) mg/dl vs. 24.4 (14.7-26.6) mg/dl, p = 0.01] values. In the control and smoking groups, a negative correlation between TGs and the diameter of the aortic root lumen and positive correlation with the thickness of the interventricular septum and end-diastolic volume (EDV) of both the right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV) were noted. Moreover, in the RV, positive correlations with the end-systolic volume (ESV) index (ESVI), stroke volume (SV), ESV, and EDV were observed. Regarding serum free fatty acids, we found a negative correlation between their values and the diameter of the lumen of the ascending aortic vessel. Lipoprotein lipase showed a positive correlation with the SV index of the RV and negative correlation with the diameter of the lumen of the ascending aortic vessel.

Conclusion: Several associations were observed regarding cardiac morphometric characteristics, myocardial fat deposition, and smoking cessation with the lipid profile of young smokers.

Keywords: heart function tests; lipids; myocardial fat deposition; proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy; smoking.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cardiac magnetic resonance images with voxel location in the interventricular septum of the myocardium for image acquisition of a non-smoker subject. Options are: (A) left ventricular short axis; (B) four chambers; (C) capturing respiratory movement through the trigger located between the liver and the thorax; and (D) acquiring proton spectroscopy data.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Water suppression to determine TG peaks, which were summed to obtain the TG peak value. (A) Without water suppression and (B) With water suppression.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparison of functional variables of right ventricular of smokers at baseline and after one month of smoking cessation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. World Health Organization. Tobacco (2021). Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco (Accessed December 8, 2021).
    1. Gallucci G, Tartarone A, Lerose R, Lalinga AV, Capobianco AM. Cardiovascular risk of smoking and benefits of smoking cessation. J Thorac Dis. (2020) 12:3866–76. 10.21037/jtd.2020.02.47 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Puig-Cotado F, Tursan d’Espaignet E, St Claire S, Bianco E, Bhatti L, Schotte K, et al. Tobacco and coronary heart disease: WHO tobacco knowledge summaries. World Health Organization; (2020). p. 1–12.
    1. Pinto MT, Pichon-Riviere A, Bardach A. Estimativa da carga do tabagismo no brasil: mortalidade, morbidade e custos. Cad Saude Publica. (2015) 31:1283–97. 10.1590/0102-311X00192013 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Manzano BM, Vanderlei LCM, Ramos EMC, Ramos D. Implicações do tabagismo sobre o controle autônomo cardíaco TT—smoking implications on cardiac autonomic control. Arq Ciênc Saúde. (2010) 17:97–101.