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. 2023:1425:79-91.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_8.

Validation of the Greek Version of the State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS)

Ioanna Tzelepi  1 , Lida Sotiropoulou  1 , Flora Bacopoulou  2 , Maria Charalampopoulou  3 , Eleni Zigkiri  1 , Dimitrios S Simos  1 , Dimitrios Vlachakis  4 , George P Chrousos  5 , Christina Darviri  1
Affiliations

Validation of the Greek Version of the State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS)

Ioanna Tzelepi et al. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023.

Abstract

Both shame and guilt are self-conscious negative emotions claiming self-representations and self-awareness. Growing evidence indicates that these pessimistic emotions are associated to stress and stress-related disorders. The aim of this study was to translate and investigate the validity and reliability of the State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS) in a Greek adult population sample. A total of 181 adults (63% women) participated in the study. To validate the SSGS, correlations with the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were also examined. Exploratory factor analysis was used to examine the factors of the Greek version of the SSGS. In addition, for greater validity, comparisons were made according to sex, marital status and level of education. The reliability assessment revealed that the index of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was above the acceptable margin (0.7) for the three subscales (shame; 0.717, guilt; 0.770, pride; 0.874). The Greek version of the 15-item State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS) demonstrated good psychometric properties and could be proven useful for the assessment of shame, guilt, and pride.

Keywords: Greek; Guilt; Negative emotions; Pessimistic emotions; SSGS; Shame; State shame and guilt scale; Stress.

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