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Review
. 2023 Jun 29;45(7):5481-5493.
doi: 10.3390/cimb45070347.

Selected Technical Aspects of Molecular Allergy Diagnostics

Kinga Lis  1 , Zbigniew Bartuzi  1
Affiliations
Review

Selected Technical Aspects of Molecular Allergy Diagnostics

Kinga Lis et al. Curr Issues Mol Biol. .

Abstract

Diagnosis of allergic diseases is a complex, multi-stage process. It often requires the use of various diagnostic tools. The in vitro diagnostics (IVD), which includes various laboratory tests, is one of the stages of this process. Standard laboratory tests include the measurement of the serum concentration of specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) for selected allergens, full allergen extracts and/or single allergen components (molecules). The measurement of IgE sIgE to the allergen components is called molecular allergy diagnosis. During the standard laboratory diagnostic process, various models of immunochemical tests are used, which enable the measurement of sIgE for single allergens (one-parameter tests, singleplex) or IgE specific for many different allergens (multi-parameter tests, multiplex) in one test. Currently, there are many different test kits available, validated for IVD, which differ in the method type and allergen profile. The aim of the manuscript is to present various technical aspects related to modern allergy diagnostics, especially in the area of molecular allergy diagnostics.

Keywords: ALEX; ISAC; allergen component; allergen extract; allergy; anti-CCD; molecular diagnostics; specific IgE.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mechanisms of hypersensitivity reactions.
Figure 2
Figure 2
General scheme of the ELISA reaction detecting allergen-specific.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Allergen extract versus allergen components; The colored dots are individual allergen molecules.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The biochip of the ISACE112i test (A) and scan of the biochip field for a single patient, after reaction with serum, detected in a scanner (LuxScan) with MIA software (B).
Figure 5
Figure 5
The ALEX2 biochip/cassette with positive reaction (A) and cartridge scan image with positive reaction in scanner (ImageXplorer) with MADx Raptor Software (B) author’s own photo.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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