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. 2023 Mar 1;36(2):134-139.
doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000840. Epub 2022 Dec 6.

Interventions for generalized anxiety disorder

Gerard J Byrne  1   2
Affiliations

Interventions for generalized anxiety disorder

Gerard J Byrne. Curr Opin Psychiatry. .

Abstract

Purpose of review: To provide an overview of recently published work on anxiety, focusing on generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and its treatment.

Recent findings: Self-reported anxiety symptoms were highly prevalent during the COVID-19 global pandemic in both the general population and in selected groups. There remains divided opinion about whether internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is noninferior to face-to-face CBT for GAD. A systematic review of drug treatment for GAD showed efficacy for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), agomelatine, and quetiapine. There may be a place for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of GAD. There was some evidence of efficacy for complementary therapies, including physical exercise, yoga, acupuncture, and Withania somnifera (ashwagandha). However, a systematic review of cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol found insufficient evidence of efficacy in anxiety disorders.

Summary: Antidepressants and quetiapine show efficacy in the treatment of GAD. Internet-based psychological interventions have a place in the treatment of GAD when face-to-face treatment is inaccessible. There is increasing evidence for the use of physical exercise in the management of GAD. Some other complementary therapies, including cannabinoids, require further, methodologically sound, research.

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