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. 2023 May;10(5):3347-3355.
doi: 10.1002/nop2.1587. Epub 2022 Dec 28.

Relationship between Type D personality and adverse health outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes: The parallel mediating roles of diabetes distress and social isolation

Eun-Hyun Lee  1 , Young Whee Lee  2 , Duckhee Chae  3 , Eun Hee Kang  1 , Hyun-Jung Kang  1
Affiliations

Relationship between Type D personality and adverse health outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes: The parallel mediating roles of diabetes distress and social isolation

Eun-Hyun Lee et al. Nurs Open. 2023 May.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the relationship between Type D personality and adverse health outcomes [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL)] directly, and indirectly via diabetes distress and social isolation in people with type 2 diabetes.

Design: A secondary analysis of 524 participant's data derived from a cross-sectional, correlational study with people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Data were analysed using the PROCESS macro of SPSS.

Results: Type D personality was present in 31.3% of the participants, and exerted a direct effect on HRQOL but not on HbA1c. Type D personality indirectly affected both HbA1c and HRQOL via the mediators of diabetes distress and social isolation. Nurses need to monitor people with type 2 diabetes to determine whether Type D personality is present. Those with Type D personality should be provided with interventions to reduce diabetes distress and alleviate social isolation in order to improve HbA1c and HRQOL.

Keywords: diabetes; distress; glycated haemoglobin; health-related quality of life; mediation; personality; social isolation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Parallel mediation model linking Type D personality with HbA1c. People with Type D personality were coded as 1 and others were coded as 0. a 1: Regression coefficient for Type D personality predicting diabetes distress; a 2: regression coefficient for Type D personality predicting social isolation; b 1: regression coefficient for diabetes distress predicting HbA1c while holding Type D personality and social isolation constant; b 2: regression coefficient for social isolation predicting HbA1c while holding Type D personality and diabetes distress constant; c′: regression coefficient for Type D personality predicting HbA1c while holding diabetes distress and social isolation constant (direct effect); and c: total effect.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Parallel mediation model linking Type D personality with HRQOL while controlling for covariates. People with Type D personality were coded as 1 and others were coded as 0. a 1: Regression coefficient for Type D personality predicting diabetes distress; a 2: regression coefficient for Type D personality predicting social isolation; b 1: regression coefficient for diabetes distress predicting HRQOL while holding Type D personality, social isolation, gender and education level constant; b 2: regression coefficient for social isolation predicting HRQOL while holding Type D personality, diabetes distress, gender and education level constant; c′: regression coefficient for Type D personality predicting HRQOL while holding diabetes distress, social isolation, gender and education level constant; c: total effect while controlling for gender and education level.
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