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Review
. 2022 Oct 31:11:92.
doi: 10.4103/abr.abr_182_21. eCollection 2022.

Bone Health after Bariatric Surgery: Consequences, Prevention, and Treatment

Masood Sayadi Shahraki  1 , Mohsen Mahmoudieh  2 , Behrouz Kalidari  1 , Hamid Melali  3 , Maryam Mousavi  4 , Mohammad Raisi Ghourban Abadi  5 , Seyed Hossein Mirhosseini  5 , Seyed Ali Mirhosseini Dehabadi  2
Affiliations
Review

Bone Health after Bariatric Surgery: Consequences, Prevention, and Treatment

Masood Sayadi Shahraki et al. Adv Biomed Res. .

Abstract

One of the most critical complications of bariatric surgery (BS), which has been widely discussed recently, is its adverse effects on the health of the bones and skeletal system. Studies show that bone mineral density (BMD) decreases significantly in the early years after BS Nutritional deficiencies are a common complication of BS that can last for months to years after surgery. For example, calcium absorption will significantly reduce after BS The role of gut hormones, endocrine factors, and adipokines in altering bone metabolism should never be overlooked. The available information and guidelines emphasize the periodic evaluation of BMD in patients undergoing BS The method of measuring BMD after BS is essential. DXA and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) are two convenient methods for measuring BMD. Many studies indicate a more detailed study of microarchitecture and cortical and trabecular bone mass with the help of QCT. The overall risk of fractures increases years after BS There are some recommendations for overcoming the adverse effects of BS on bone health. Endurance and resistance exercise after BS can help to mitigate BMD reduction and bone changes. In this review, we will explain each of these points in detail.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; DXA; bone mineral density; exercise; quantitative computed tomography.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Figure 2
Figure 2
B.S. procedures in order of malabsorption; (a) Adjustable Gastric Band (AGB), (b) Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG) or Sleeve Gastrectomy (S.G.), (c) Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB), (d) Biliopancreatic Diversion with a Duodenal Switch (BPD-DS), (e) One Anastomose Gastric Bypass (OAGB), (f) single-anastomosis duodenal-ileal switch (SADI), and (g) Biliopancreatic Diversion (BPD)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Numerous internal and external factors, including; diet, mechanical loading, hormones, and genetics, play a role in bone health sustainability[149]
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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