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Review
. 2022 Dec;22(12):839-846.
doi: 10.1007/s11910-022-01243-1. Epub 2022 Nov 25.

Rapid Response EEG: Current State and Future Directions

Zachary Davey  1 , Pranjal Bodh Gupta  2 , David R Li  2 , Rahul Uday Nayak  2 , Prasanthi Govindarajan  3
Affiliations
Review

Rapid Response EEG: Current State and Future Directions

Zachary Davey et al. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2022 Dec.

Abstract

Purpose of review: To critically appraise the literature on the application, methods, and advances in emergency electroencephalography (EEG).

Recent findings: The development of rapid EEG (rEEG) technologies and other reduced montage approaches, along with advances in machine learning over the past decade, has increased the rate and access to EEG acquisition. These achievements have made EEG in the emergency setting a practical diagnostic technique for detecting seizures, suspected nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), altered mental status, stroke, and in the setting of sedation. Growing evidence supports using EEG to expedite medical decision-making in the setting of suspected acute neurological injury. This review covers approaches to acquiring EEG in the emergency setting in the adult and pediatric populations. We also cover the clinical impact of this data, the time associated with emergency EEG, and the costs of acquiring EEG in these settings. Finally, we discuss the advances in artificial intelligence for rapid electrophysiological interpretation.

Keywords: Altered mental status; Emergency electroencephalography; Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE); Rapid response EEG; Seizure; Stroke.

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Conflict of interest statement

Zachary Davey: none. Pranjal Bodh Gupta: none. David R. Li: none. Rahul Nayak: none. Prasanthi Govindarajan: 7/2019–6/2024, Funder: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (R01HS026207-04), Title: Effect of Bypass Policies on Stroke Treatment in a National Sample of Medicare Beneficiaries, Role: PI, 7/2022–6/2023, Funder: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Title: Respiratory Virus Transmission Network, Role: Co-Investigator.

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