Disclosure FL reports personal fees for advisory board membership of Amgen, Astellas Pharma, Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS), Bayer, Beigene, BioNTech, Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), Novartis, Roche and Daiichi-Sankyo; personal fees as an invited speaker for AstraZeneca, BMS, Eli Lilly, Imedex, Incyte, MedUpdate, Medscape, Merck Serono, MSD, Roche, Servier and StreamedUp!; personal fees from BioNTech and Elsevier for expert testimony; personal fees for writing engagements for Deutscher Ärzteverlag, Iomedico and Springer-Nature and a research grant paid to his institute from BMS. SC reports personal fees as an invited speaker from Amgen, Lilly and Servier and personal fees for advisory board membership of BMS, Daiichi, Lilly, MSD and Servier. TF reports personal fees as an invited speaker from Amgen, Bayer, Bristol and Servier; non-remunerated activities as principal investigator (PI) for Adapt Immune, BeiGene and Daiichi Sankyo. KH reports personal fees as for an editorial role as Clinical Editor for Radiotherapy & Oncology. GP reports personal fees as an invited speaker from Amgen and Roche; personal fees for advisory board membership from Astellas, BMS and MSD; personal fees for writing engagement and participation in a study on immunonutrition from Nestle; institutional funding as a local PI for Bard, BMS and MSD; non-remunerated advisory role on the French board on colorectal surgery of Johnson & Johnson and participation in the Medtronic-sponsored European group of upper GI surgeons dedicated to minimally invasive surgery. AV reports personal fees for speaker, consultancy and advisory roles for AstraZeneca, Amgen, Basilea, BeiGene, Bayer, Boehringer Mannheim, BMS, BTG, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Imaging Equipment Ltd (AAA), Incyte, Ipsen, Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine, MSD, Pierre Fabre, Roche, Sanofi, Servier, Sirtex, Tahio and Terumo; research funding from Incyte and Servier; and participation in educational activities for OncLive and Oncowissen.de. ECS reports personal fees as an invited speaker from Amgen, BMS, Imedex, Merck, Novartis, Prova Education, Servier and touchIME; personal fees for advisory board membership of Astellas, AstraZeneca, BMS, My Personal Therapeutics, Novartis, Roche and Zymeworks; other personal fees from Amgen Trial Steering Group (TSC), BeiGene and Zymeworks for Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC) membership, BMS for expert testimony, Everest Clinical Research as IDMC chair; institutional funding as a local or coordinating PI for clinical trial research from AstraZeneca, Basilea, Daiichi Sankyo, Roche, Merus and MSD and a research grant to her institute from BMS. FC has declared no conflicts of interest.