Decade-long leukaemia remissions with persistence of CD4+ CAR T cells
- PMID: 35110735
- PMCID: PMC9166916
- DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04390-6
Decade-long leukaemia remissions with persistence of CD4+ CAR T cells
Erratum in
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Author Correction: Decade-long leukaemia remissions with persistence of CD4+ CAR T cells.Nature. 2022 Dec;612(7941):E22. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05376-8. Nature. 2022. PMID: 36477542 No abstract available.
Abstract
The adoptive transfer of T lymphocytes reprogrammed to target tumour cells has demonstrated potential for treatment of various cancers1-7. However, little is known about the long-term potential and clonal stability of the infused cells. Here we studied long-lasting CD19-redirected chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in two patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia1-4 who achieved a complete remission in 2010. CAR T cells remained detectable more than ten years after infusion, with sustained remission in both patients. Notably, a highly activated CD4+ population emerged in both patients, dominating the CAR T cell population at the later time points. This transition was reflected in the stabilization of the clonal make-up of CAR T cells with a repertoire dominated by a small number of clones. Single-cell profiling demonstrated that these long-persisting CD4+ CAR T cells exhibited cytotoxic characteristics along with ongoing functional activation and proliferation. In addition, longitudinal profiling revealed a population of gamma delta CAR T cells that prominently expanded in one patient concomitant with CD8+ CAR T cells during the initial response phase. Our identification and characterization of these unexpected CAR T cell populations provide novel insight into the CAR T cell characteristics associated with anti-cancer response and long-term remission in leukaemia.
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
Conflict of interest statement
Figures
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Comment in
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Last-resort cancer therapy holds back disease for more than a decade.Nature. 2022 Feb;602(7896):196. doi: 10.1038/d41586-022-00241-0. Nature. 2022. PMID: 35110708 No abstract available.
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Cytotoxic CD4+ CAR T cells implicated in long-term leukaemia remission.Nat Rev Immunol. 2022 Mar;22(3):146. doi: 10.1038/s41577-022-00689-1. Nat Rev Immunol. 2022. PMID: 35140364 No abstract available.
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A decade of CAR T cell evolution.Nat Cancer. 2022 Mar;3(3):270-271. doi: 10.1038/s43018-022-00347-4. Nat Cancer. 2022. PMID: 35288717 No abstract available.
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CD4+ chimeric antigen receptor T cells in for the long journey.Immunol Cell Biol. 2022 May;100(5):304-307. doi: 10.1111/imcb.12545. Epub 2022 Apr 16. Immunol Cell Biol. 2022. PMID: 35307873
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CAR T cells are in it [CD]4 the long haul.Cell. 2022 Mar 31;185(7):1112-1114. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.03.004. Cell. 2022. PMID: 35364030
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