Double-loop cerclage resists greater loads for more cycles than twist and single-loop cerclage
- PMID: 34964151
- DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13756
Double-loop cerclage resists greater loads for more cycles than twist and single-loop cerclage
Abstract
Objective: To compare the mechanical performance of cerclage secured with twist, single-loop, and double-loop knots subjected to cyclic loading.
Study design: In vitro biomechanical study.
Sample population: Twist, single-loop and double-loop cerclage configurations of 1.0 mm wire.
Methods: The peak load resisted by each cerclage type was determined (n = 6). Cerclage were loaded cyclically to 80%, 60%, 40%, or 20% of its peak load (n = 8 per load level). The number of cycles until each cerclage loosened (residual tension <10 N) was recorded.
Results: All wires that failed did so by loosening. Twist cerclage cycled to 390 N and 290 N loosened within the first 10 cycles, and, when cycled to 100 N, they loosened by 250 cycles. All twist knots loosened by untwisting. Single-loop cerclage cycled to 320 N loosened within 10 cycles. At 240 N, 5 single-loop cerclage resisted 250 cycles before loosening. At 160 N, 2 of the 8 single-loop cerclage did not loosen by 100 000 cycles. When cycled to 640 N, one of the double-loop cerclage did not loosen following 500 000 cycles. When cycled to 480 N, 3 of the 8 wires did not loosen.
Conclusion: Double-loop cerclage will be tighter and are better able to resist cycling than twist or single-loop cerclage.
Clinical significance: Use of double-loop cerclage to stabilize bone fragments or prevent fissure propagation can be expected to provide greater resistance to loosening than twist or single-loop cerclage, both initially and with repeated loading.
© 2021 American College of Veterinary Surgeons.
Similar articles
-
Mechanical characteristics and comparisons of cerclage wires: introduction of the double-wrap and loop/twist tying methods.Vet Surg. 1997 Jul-Aug;26(4):310-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.1997.tb01503.x. Vet Surg. 1997. PMID: 9232789
-
Evaluation of tension obtained by use of three knots for tying cerclage wires by surgeons of various abilities and experience.J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002 Feb 1;220(3):334-6. doi: 10.2460/javma.2002.220.334. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002. PMID: 11829264
-
A comparison of ultra-high-molecular weight polyethylene cable and stainless steel wire using two fixation techniques for repair of equine midbody sesamoid fractures: an in vitro biomechanical study.Vet Surg. 2002 Sep-Oct;31(5):445-54. doi: 10.1053/jvet.2002.34668. Vet Surg. 2002. PMID: 12209415
-
Biomechanical and biological aspects of defect treatment in fractures using helical plates.Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 2014;81(4):267-71. Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 2014. PMID: 25137496 Review.
-
Cerclage, evolution and potential of a Cinderella technology. An overview with reference to periprosthetic fractures.Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 2011;78(3):190-9. Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 2011. PMID: 21729634 Review.
References
REFERENCES
-
- Roe SC. External fixators, pins, nails and wires. In: Johnson AL, Houlton JEF, Vannini R, eds. AO Principles of Fracture Management in the dog and cat. AO Publishing; 2005:53-70.
-
- Peck JN, Liska WD, DeYoung DJ, Marcellin-Little DJ. Clinical application of total hip replacement. In: Peck JN, Marcellin-Little DJ, eds. Advances in Small Animal Total Joint Replacement. Wiley-Blackwell; 2013:69-107.
-
- Rooks RL, Tarvin GB, Pijanowski GJ, Daly WB. In vitro Cerclage wiring analysis. Vet Surg. 1982;11:39-43.
-
- Wilson JW, Belloli DM, Robbins T. Resistance of cerclage to knot failure. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1985;187(4):389-391.
-
- Blass CE, Piermattei DL, Withrow SJ, Scott RJ. Static and dynamic Cerclage wire analysis. Vet Surg. 1986;15(2):181-184.
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical