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Review
. 2021 Nov;112(11):4425-4432.
doi: 10.1111/cas.15132. Epub 2021 Sep 16.

SCRUM-Japan GI-SCREEN and MONSTAR-SCREEN: Path to the realization of biomarker-guided precision oncology in advanced solid tumors

Yoshiaki Nakamura  1   2 , Takao Fujisawa  2   3 , Hiroya Taniguchi  1   2   4 , Hideaki Bando  1   2 , Wataru Okamoto  5 , Katsuya Tsuchihara  6 , Takayuki Yoshino  1 , Atsushi Ohtsu  1
Affiliations
Review

SCRUM-Japan GI-SCREEN and MONSTAR-SCREEN: Path to the realization of biomarker-guided precision oncology in advanced solid tumors

Yoshiaki Nakamura et al. Cancer Sci. 2021 Nov.

Abstract

Comprehensive genomic profiling enables the detection of genomic biomarkers in advanced solid tumors. However, efficient patient screening for the success of precision oncology remains challenging due to substantial barriers, such as genotyping costs and accessibility to matched therapies. To address these challenges, we launched GI-SCREEN, a nationwide gastrointestinal cancer genomic screening project within the SCRUM-Japan network in 2015 with the specific purpose of matching patients with a diverse portfolio of affiliated interventional targeted therapy trials. Subsequently, we initiated the molecular profiling projects GOZILA, MONSTAR-SCREEN-1, and MONSTAR-SCREEN-2, which incorporate tissue and plasma multiomics approaches to accurately identify patients with advanced solid tumors who would benefit from matched therapies. These projects have led to a significant increase in patient participation in targeted clinical trials and the approval of several therapeutics and companion diagnostics. Additionally, clinicogenomic analyses utilizing the SCRUM-Japan database have provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms of advanced solid tumors. In this review, we describe the path to the realization of cancer precision medicine for patients with advanced solid tumors based on the SCRUM-Japan GI-SCREEN and MONSTAR-SCREEN platforms.

Keywords: circulating tumor DNA; multiomics; next-generation sequencing; precision oncology; real-world data.

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Conflict of interest statement

TF, WO, and KT have no conflict of interest to declare. YN reports research funding received from Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Guardant Health, Inc, Genomedia, Inc, and Seagen, Inc. HT reports grants from Takeda, Daiichi Sankyo, Sysmex, and Taiho, as well as personal fees from Takeda, Eli Lilly and Company, Taiho, and Chugai. HB reports research funding received from AstraZeneca, Sysmex, and honoraria from Taiho Pharmaceutical and Eli Lilly Japan. TY reports Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Amgen KK, Parexel International Inc, MSD KK, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., and Sanofi KK. AO reports research funding received from Astellas, Astra‐Zeneca, Amgen, BMS, Boehringer‐Ingelheim, Chugai, Daiichi‐Sankyo, Dainippon‐Sumitomo, Elli‐Lilly, Eisai, Jansen pharma, Kyowa‐Kirin, MBL, Merck Serono, MSD, Novartis, Ono Pharma, Pfizer, Taiho, and Takeda. AO also reports an immediate family member employed by AZD.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
SCRUM‐Japan GI‐SCREEN and MONSTAR‐SCREEN studies. A timeline of the studies conducted based on the SCRUM‐Japan GI‐SCREEN and MONSTAR‐SCREEN study platforms
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Investigator‐initiated umbrella/basket‐type clinical trials related to SCRUM‐Japan GI‐SCREEN and MONSTAR‐SCREEN. Patients with target alterations identified in the SCRUM‐Japan GI‐SCREEN and MONSTAR‐SCREEN studies were enrolled in the investigator‐initiated umbrella/basket‐type clinical trials
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