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. 2020 Nov;42(11):3316-3325.
doi: 10.1002/hed.26380. Epub 2020 Aug 1.

Primary tumor volume as a predictor of distant metastases and survival in patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma

Stephanie Flukes  1 , Shivangi Lohia  1 , Christopher A Barker  2 , Jennifer R Cracchiolo  1 , Ian Ganly  1 , Snehal G Patel  1 , Benjamin R Roman  1 , Jatin P Shah  1 , Alexander N Shoushtari  3 , Viviane Tabar  1   4 , Akash Shah  5 , Marc A Cohen  1   4
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Primary tumor volume as a predictor of distant metastases and survival in patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma

Stephanie Flukes et al. Head Neck. 2020 Nov.

Abstract

Background: Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM) is an aggressive cancer with high mortality. Identifying patients at risk of distant metastasis assists with management and prognostication. We aimed to define the relationship between volume, survival, and risk of distant metastases.

Methods: A retrospective review of all patients with SNMM treated at a single institution over a 21-year period was conducted. Tumor volume was calculated using cross-sectional imaging and survival analysis was performed.

Results: Sixty-one patients were included. Tumor volume was predictive of local progression-free survival (P = .03), distant metastases-free survival (DMFS) (P = .002), and overall survival (OS) (P = .02). It was a better predictor than AJCC stage and T-classification. Tumor volume equal to or greater than 5 cm3 was associated with a significantly worse DMFS and OS (P = .02 and .009, respectively).

Conclusion: Calculation of tumor volume assists in quantifying the risk of distant metastases and death in SNMM.

Keywords: mucosal melanoma; sinonasal; staging systems; survival; tumor volume.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest/Disclosure Statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Tumor volume in patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma, stratified according to American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition T- classification, compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
a) Local progression free survival, b) distant metastases free survival, c) overall survival, and d) disease-specific survival in patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma, when stratified according to AJCC 7th edition stage grouping.,
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
a) Local progression free survival, b) distant metastases free survival, c) overall survival, and d) disease-specific survival in patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma, when stratified according to AJCC 8th edition T-classification.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
a) Local progression free survival, b) distant metastases free survival, c) overall survival, and d) disease-specific survival in patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma, when stratified according to tumor volume into those with “small” tumors (<5 cm3) and “large” tumors (≥5 cm3).
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