Sinonasal Melanoma: A Single Institutional Analysis and Future Directions
- PMID: 31534890
- PMCID: PMC6748852
- DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1676355
Sinonasal Melanoma: A Single Institutional Analysis and Future Directions
Abstract
Background Sinonasal melanoma is a rare disease with a high mortality rate. The surgical management paradigm has significantly changed over the past decade with the introduction of expanded endonasal techniques. There have also been advances in management of metastatic and locally advanced disease with the advent of immunotherapy. Methods Single-institution retrospective review of adult patients with sinonasal melanoma, surgically managed at the University of Michigan over a 9-year period. Thirty-one patients met inclusion criteria. All patients were retrospectively staged according to the 7th Edition AJCC staging system for mucosal melanoma. Parameters that may affect survival were analyzed using Cox's proportional hazard models and survival outcomes were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method. Additionally, a review of three patients with distant metastatic disease receiving immunotherapy is presented. Results Most patients were managed endoscopically (67%), and had stage III disease (71%). However, 57% of stage IVB tumors were successfully managed endoscopically. Stage statistically impacted overall survival whereas distant control was impacted by stage, site of origin, mitotic rate, and necrosis. The 2-year overall survival for all stages was 77% which declined with advanced disease. Two-year locoregional control and distant control showed similar trends. Conclusion Treatment of sinonasal melanoma has drastically changed over the past decade with increased use of expanded endonasal techniques. Our review revealed excellent 2-year overall survival in stage III disease with an appreciable decline in survival in more advanced disease. Immunotherapy may play a large role is future management given the high-risk of distant metastasis.
Keywords: expanded endonasal technique; immunotherapy; mucosal melanoma; outcomes; sinonasal malignancy.
Conflict of interest statement
Figures
Similar articles
-
Prognostic value of two tumour staging classifications in patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma.Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2016 Nov;133(5):313-317. doi: 10.1016/j.anorl.2016.05.008. Epub 2016 Jun 10. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2016. PMID: 27291483
-
Survival Outcomes of Mucosal Melanoma in the Head and Neck: Case Series and Review of Current Treatment Guidelines.J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016 Sep;74(9):1859-71. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.03.008. Epub 2016 Mar 17. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016. PMID: 27063590 Review.
-
Localized sinonasal mucosal melanoma: Outcomes and associations with stage, radiotherapy, and positron emission tomography response.Head Neck. 2016 Sep;38(9):1310-7. doi: 10.1002/hed.24435. Epub 2016 Apr 4. Head Neck. 2016. PMID: 27043023 Free PMC article.
-
Management of mucosal melanomas of the head and neck: did we make any progress?Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010 Apr;18(2):101-6. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0b013e3283374d31. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010. PMID: 20234212 Review.
-
Survival rates of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma with the new AJCC staging system.Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007 Feb;133(2):131-4. doi: 10.1001/archotol.133.2.131. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007. PMID: 17309980
Cited by
-
International Multicenter Study of Clinical Outcomes of Sinonasal Melanoma Shows Survival Benefit for Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Potential Improvements to the Current TNM Staging System.J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2022 Jul 10;84(4):307-319. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1750178. eCollection 2023 Aug. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2022. PMID: 37405239 Free PMC article.
-
Phytochemicals in Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.Biomolecules. 2021 Jul 27;11(8):1107. doi: 10.3390/biom11081107. Biomolecules. 2021. PMID: 34439774 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Primary malignant mucosal melanoma of the maxillofacial area.J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021 Apr 30;47(2):76-81. doi: 10.5125/jkaoms.2021.47.2.76. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021. PMID: 33911039 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Chang A E, Karnell L H, Menck H R; The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer and the American Cancer Society.The National Cancer Data Base report on cutaneous and noncutaneous melanoma: a summary of 84,836 cases from the past decade Cancer 199883081664–1678. - PubMed
-
- Shah J P, Huvos A G, Strong E W. Mucosal melanomas of the head and neck. Am J Surg. 1977;134(04):531–535. - PubMed
-
- Prasad M L, Patel S, Hoshaw-Woodard S et al.Prognostic factors for malignant melanoma of the squamous mucosa of the head and neck. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26(07):883–892. - PubMed
-
- Lund V J, Howard D J, Harding L, Wei W I.Management options and survival in malignant melanoma of the sinonasal mucosa Laryngoscope 1999109(2 Pt 1):208–211. - PubMed
-
- Gaze M N, Kerr G R, Smyth J F; The Scottish Melanoma Group.Mucosal melanomas of the head and neck: The Scottish experience Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 1990205277–283. - PubMed
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Miscellaneous