Nitrate supplementation improves physical performance specifically in non-athletes during prolonged open-ended tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- PMID: 29553034
- DOI: 10.1017/S0007114518000132
Nitrate supplementation improves physical performance specifically in non-athletes during prolonged open-ended tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3 -) is an ergogenic nutritional supplement that is widely used to improve physical performance. However, the effectiveness of NO3 - supplementation has not been systematically investigated in individuals with different physical fitness levels. The present study analysed whether different fitness levels (non-athletes v. athletes or classification of performance levels), duration of the test used to measure performance (short v. long duration) and the test protocol (time trials v. open-ended tests v. graded-exercise tests) influence the effects of NO3 - supplementation on performance. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted and reported according to the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. A systematic search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus and ProQuest, was performed in August 2017. On the basis of the search and inclusion criteria, fifty-four and fifty-three placebo-controlled studies evaluating the effects of NO3 - supplementation on performance in humans were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. NO3 - supplementation was ergogenic in non-athletes (mean effect size (ES) 0·25; 95 % CI 0·11, 0·38), particularly in evaluations of performance using long-duration open-ended tests (ES 0·47; 95 % CI 0·23, 0·71). In contrast, NO3 - supplementation did not enhance the performance of athletes (ES 0·04; 95 % CI -0·05, 0·15). After objectively classifying the participants into different performance levels, the frequency of trials showing ergogenic effects in individuals classified at lower levels was higher than that in individuals classified at higher levels. Thus, the present study indicates that dietary NO3 - supplementation improves physical performance in non-athletes, particularly during long-duration open-ended tests.
Keywords: PL performance level; Diet; Fatigue; Fitness level; Nitric oxide.
Similar articles
-
Ergogenic Effect of Nitrate Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2020 Oct;52(10):2250-2261. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002363. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2020. PMID: 32936597 Free PMC article.
-
Influence of Nitrate Supplementation on Endurance Cyclic Sports Performance: A Systematic Review.Nutrients. 2020 Jun 17;12(6):1796. doi: 10.3390/nu12061796. Nutrients. 2020. PMID: 32560317 Free PMC article.
-
The Effect of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Endurance Exercise Performance in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports Med. 2017 Apr;47(4):735-756. doi: 10.1007/s40279-016-0617-7. Sports Med. 2017. PMID: 27600147 Review.
-
Aerobic Fitness Affects the Exercise Performance Responses to Nitrate Supplementation.Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015 Aug;47(8):1643-51. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000577. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015. PMID: 25412295
-
Nitrate ingestion: a review of the health and physical performance effects.Nutrients. 2014 Nov 18;6(11):5224-64. doi: 10.3390/nu6115224. Nutrients. 2014. PMID: 25412154 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
-
A synergistic blend of Garcinia mangostana fruit rind and Cinnamomum tamala leaf extracts enhances myogenic differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis in vitro and muscle growth and strength in mice.Food Nutr Res. 2023 Oct 30;67. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v67.9750. eCollection 2023. Food Nutr Res. 2023. PMID: 37920678 Free PMC article.
-
The Effects of Nitrate Supplementation on Performance as a Function of Habitual Dietary Intake of Nitrates: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Elite Football Players.Nutrients. 2023 Aug 25;15(17):3721. doi: 10.3390/nu15173721. Nutrients. 2023. PMID: 37686753 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
-
Effect of isolated and combined ingestion of caffeine and citrulline malate on resistance exercise and jumping performance: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study.Eur J Nutr. 2023 Oct;62(7):2963-2975. doi: 10.1007/s00394-023-03212-x. Epub 2023 Jul 14. Eur J Nutr. 2023. PMID: 37450275 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
-
Effects of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Performance during Single and Repeated Bouts of Short-Duration High-Intensity Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 May 31;12(6):1194. doi: 10.3390/antiox12061194. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023. PMID: 37371924 Free PMC article. Review.
-
The effects of L-Citrulline and Glutathione on Endurance performance in young adult trained males.J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2023 Dec;20(1):2206386. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2206386. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2023. PMID: 37125500 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical