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. 2018 Jan 1;33(1):e3.
doi: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e3.

Prevalence of Overweight and Income Gaps in 245 Districts of Korea: Comparison Using the National Health Screening Database and the Community Health Survey, 2009-2014

Ikhan Kim  1 , Jinwook Bahk  2   3 , Yeon Yong Kim  4 , Jeehye Lee  1 , Hee Yeon Kang  2 , Juyeon Lee  5 , Sung Cheol Yun  6 , Jong Heon Park  4 , Soon Ae Shin  4   7 , Young Ho Khang  1   8
Affiliations

Prevalence of Overweight and Income Gaps in 245 Districts of Korea: Comparison Using the National Health Screening Database and the Community Health Survey, 2009-2014

Ikhan Kim et al. J Korean Med Sci. .

Abstract

Background: We compared age-standardized overweight prevalence and their income gaps at the level of district in Korea using the National Health Screening Database (NHSD) and the Community Health Survey (CHS).

Methods: We analyzed 39,093,653 subjects in the NHSD and 926,580 individuals in the CHS between 2009 and 2014. For the comparison of body mass index (BMI) distributions, data from 26,100 subjects in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were also analyzed. We calculated the age-standardized overweight prevalence and its interquintile income gap at the district level. We examined the magnitudes of the between-period correlation for age-standardized overweight prevalence. The differences in overweight prevalence and its income gap between the NHSD and the CHS were also investigated.

Results: The age-adjusted mean BMI from the CHS was lower than those from the NHSD and the KNHANES. The magnitudes of the between-period correlation for overweight prevalence were greater in the NHSD compared to the CHS. We found that the district-level overweight prevalence in the NHSD were higher in all districts of Korea than in the CHS. The correlation coefficients for income gaps in overweight prevalence between the two databases were relatively low. In addition, when using the NHSD, the district-level income inequalities in overweight were clearer especially among women than the inequalities using the CHS.

Conclusion: The relatively large sample size for each district and measured anthropometric data in the NHSD are more likely to contribute to valid and reliable measurement of overweight inequality at the district level in Korea.

Keywords: Health Surveys; Income; Overweight; Republic of Korea; Sample Size; Socioeconomic Factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Distribution of BMI among men and women, findings from the NHSD, the CHS, and the KNHANES in Korea, 2009–2014. (A) Distribution of BMI among men. (B) Distribution of BMI among women. BMI = body mass index, NHSD = National Health Screening Database, CHS = Community Health Survey, KNHANES = Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Scatter plots (and correlation coefficients [r]) for correlations of age-standardized overweight prevalence between biennial time periods of analysis, findings from the NHSD and the CHS in Korea, 2009–2014. (A) Results from the NHSD in men. (B) Results from the NHSD in women. (C) Results from the CHS in men. (D) Results from the CHS in women. NHSD = National Health Screening Database, CHS = Community Health Survey.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Scatter plots (and correlation coefficients [r]) for correlations of district-level age-standardized overweight prevalences and their interquintile income differences from the NHSD and the CHS among the 245 local districts in Korea, 2009–2014. (A) Correlations of overweight prevalences in men. (B) Correlations of overweight prevalences in women. (C) Correlations of interquintile income differences in men. (D) Correlations of interquintile income differences in women. NHSD = National Health Screening Database, CHS = Community Health Survey, Q1 = Lowest income quintile, Q5 = Highest income quintile.
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