Prevalence and Correlates of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Quebec: Prévalence et corrélats des troubles du spectre de l'autisme au Québec
- PMID: 29056086
- PMCID: PMC5894913
- DOI: 10.1177/0706743717737031
Prevalence and Correlates of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Quebec: Prévalence et corrélats des troubles du spectre de l'autisme au Québec
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the prevalence, comorbidities, and service use of people with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) based on data from Quebec Integrated Chronic Diseases Surveillance System (QICDSS).
Methods: We included all residents up to age 24 eligible for health plan coverage who were in Quebec for at least 1 day from January 1, 1996, to March 31, 2015. To be considered as having an ASD, an individual had to have had at least 1 physician claim or hospital discharge abstract from 2000 to 2015 indicating one of the following ASD diagnosis codes: ICD-9 codes 299.0 to 299.9 or their ICD-10 equivalents.
Results: The QICDSS shows that the prevalence of ASD has risen steadily over the past decade to approximately 1.2% ( n = 16,940) of children and youths aged 1 to 17 years in 2014 to 2015. The same prevalence was obtained using Ministry of Education data. Common medical comorbidities included congenital abnormalities of the nervous system, particularly in the first year of life. Psychiatric comorbidity was much more highly prevalent, especially common mental disorders like anxiety and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Children and youths with ASDs made on average 2.3 medical visits per year compared with 0.2 in the general population. Between 18 and 24 years old, the mental health needs of individuals with ASDs were met less by medical specialists and more by general practitioners.
Conclusion: Information derived from this database could support and monitor development of better medical services coordination and shared care to meet the continuous and changing needs of patients and families over time.
Objectif:: Estimer la prévalence, les comorbidités et l’utilisation des services des personnes souffrant des troubles du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) d’après les données du Système intégré de surveillance des maladies chroniques du Québec (SISMACQ).
Méthodes:: Nous avons inclus tous les résidents de 24 ans et moins admissibles au régime d’assurance-maladie qui étaient au Québec au moins 1 journée entre le 1er janvier 1996 et le 31 mars 2015. Pour être considérée comme souffrant de TSA, une personne devait avoir au moins une confirmation d’un médecin ou un registre des congés d’hôpitaux de 2000 à 2015 indiquant l’un des codes suivants du diagnostic de TSA: les codes 299,0 à 299,9 de la CIM-9 ou leurs équivalents de la CIM-10.
Résultats:: Le SISMACQ indique que la prévalence des TSA a augmenté régulièrement au cours des 10 dernières années pour toucher approximativement 1,2% (n = 16 940) des enfants et des adolescents âgés de 1 à 17 ans, en 2014-2015. La même prévalence a été obtenue à l’aide des données du ministère de l’Éducation. Les comorbidités médicales communes étaient notamment les anomalies congénitales du système nerveux, particulièrement dans la première année de vie. La prévalence de la comorbidité psychiatrique était beaucoup plus élevée, spécialement les troubles mentaux communs comme l’anxiété et le trouble de déficit de l’attention avec hyperactivité. Les enfants et les adolescents souffrant de TSA faisaient en moyenne 2,3 visites médicales par année, comparativement à 0,2 dans la population générale. Entre 18 et 24 ans, les besoins de santé mentale des personnes souffrant de TSA étaient satisfaits moins par des spécialistes médicaux et davantage par des omnipraticiens.
Conclusion:: L’information tirée de cette base de données pourrait soutenir et surveiller le développement d’une meilleure coordination des services médicaux et des soins partagés pour répondre aux besoins sans cesse changeants des patients et des familles avec le temps.
Keywords: autism spectrum disorders; child and adolescent psychiatry; comorbidity; epidemiology; mental health services.
Conflict of interest statement
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