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Review
. 2017 May;32(3).
doi: 10.1002/hup.2575.

4,4'-Dimethylaminorex ("4,4'-DMAR"; "Serotoni") misuse: A Web-based study

Barbara Loi  1 , Mire Zloh  1 , Maria Antonietta De Luca  2 , Nicholas Pintori  2 , John Corkery  1 , Fabrizio Schifano  1
Affiliations
Review

4,4'-Dimethylaminorex ("4,4'-DMAR"; "Serotoni") misuse: A Web-based study

Barbara Loi et al. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2017 May.

Abstract

Background: 4,4'-DMAR (4,4'-dimethylaminorex; "Serotoni") is a potent stimulant drug that has recently been associated with a number of fatalities in Europe. Over the last few years, online communities have emerged as important resources for disseminating levels of technical knowledge on novel psychoactive substances.

Objective: Analysing the information provided by the fora communities on 4,4'-DMAR use, additionally critical reviewing the available evidence-based literature on this topic.

Methods: Different website drug fora were identified. A critical review of the existing evidence-based literature was undertaken. Individuation and analysis of qualitative data from the identified website fora were performed.

Results: The combined search results identified six website fora from which a range of qualitative data on recurring themes was collected. These themes included routes of administration and doses; desired effects; adverse effects; comparison with other drugs; association with other drugs; medications self-administered to reverse 4,4'-DMAR action; overall impression; and provision of harm-reduction advice.

Conclusions: Although being characterized by a number of methodological limitations, the social networks' Web monitoring approach (netnography) may be helpful to better understand some of the clinical and psychopharmacological issues pertaining to a range of novel psychoactive substances, including 4,4'-DMAR, for which only extremely little, if any, scientific knowledge is available.

Keywords: 4,4′-DMAR; aminorex derivatives; novel psychoactive substances; online fora; psychonauts; stimulants.

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