The epidemiology of metastases in neuroendocrine tumors
- PMID: 27553864
- DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30400
The epidemiology of metastases in neuroendocrine tumors
Abstract
The epidemiology of metastases in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is virtually unknown. The present novel approach took use of two nationwide Swedish registers to assess the distribution of metastatic sites in comparison to adenocarcinoma. 7,334 patients with NET were identified from the Swedish Cancer Registry. Metastatic sites were identified from the National Patient and Cause of Death Registries. Sites of metastasis were investigated depending on the primary site of NET. The metastatic potential of NET was assessed. The liver was the most common site of metastasis (82% of patients with metastases), and the small intestine was the most common source of NET metastases. Of all patients with metastatic lung NETs, 66% had liver metastases, whereas the corresponding number for adenocarcinoma of lung was only 20%. The risk of metastasis was highest if the primary was in the small intestine or pancreatohepatobiliary tract, whereas it was lower with appendiceal and rectal NET. Men had more bone metastases compared to women. Patients with metastatic NET had worse prognosis if the primary site was unknown (11 months, 9% of NET patients) compared to those whose primary was known (19 months). The metastatic potential of NETs varies profoundly depending on the primary site. NETs show a clear preference to metastasize to the liver. Surveillance of liver metastases may enable earlier diagnosis and treatment. In liver metastases from NET, the small intestine should be suspected as the primary site, whereas the lung should be suspected in nervous system metastases of NET origin.
Keywords: cancer of unknown primary; carcinoid; epidemiology; metastasis; neuroendocrine tumor.
© 2016 UICC.
Similar articles
-
Pattern and risk factors for distant metastases in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms: a population-based study.Cancer Med. 2018 Jun;7(6):2699-2709. doi: 10.1002/cam4.1507. Epub 2018 May 7. Cancer Med. 2018. PMID: 29733523 Free PMC article.
-
Metastatic sites and survival in lung cancer.Lung Cancer. 2014 Oct;86(1):78-84. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.07.020. Epub 2014 Aug 2. Lung Cancer. 2014. PMID: 25130083
-
Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Origins of Metastatic Well-differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors to the Liver.Am J Surg Pathol. 2017 Jul;41(7):915-922. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000876. Am J Surg Pathol. 2017. PMID: 28498280
-
Usual and unusual neuroendocrine tumor metastases on (68)Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT: a pictorial review.Clin Nucl Med. 2013 Jun;38(6):e239-45. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e318252d2c3. Clin Nucl Med. 2013. PMID: 23235484 Review.
-
[Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. The spectrum of histologic subtypes and current concept on diagnosis and treatment].Pneumonol Alergol Pol. 2010;78(1):33-46. Pneumonol Alergol Pol. 2010. PMID: 20162517 Review. Polish.
Cited by
-
Models using comprehensive, lesion-level, longitudinal [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE PET-derived features lead to superior outcome prediction in neuroendocrine tumor patients treated with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE.Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2024 May 25. doi: 10.1007/s00259-024-06767-x. Online ahead of print. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2024. PMID: 38795121
-
Validation of the standardization framework SSTR-RADS 1.0 for neuroendocrine tumors using the novel SSTR‑targeting peptide [18F]SiTATE.Eur Radiol. 2024 May 20. doi: 10.1007/s00330-024-10788-3. Online ahead of print. Eur Radiol. 2024. PMID: 38769164
-
[Radiologically guided interventional therapies for the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors].Radiologie (Heidelb). 2024 Jul;64(7):575-581. doi: 10.1007/s00117-024-01314-z. Epub 2024 May 18. Radiologie (Heidelb). 2024. PMID: 38761204 German.
-
Assessing the effectiveness and safety of surufatinib versus everolimus or sunitinib in advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms: insights from a real-world, retrospective cohort study using propensity score and inverse probability treatment weighting analysis.J Gastrointest Oncol. 2024 Apr 30;15(2):689-709. doi: 10.21037/jgo-24-218. Epub 2024 Apr 29. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2024. PMID: 38756630 Free PMC article.
-
Value of Surgical Cytoreduction in Patients with Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors Metastatic to the Liver and Peritoneum.Ann Surg Oncol. 2024 Aug;31(8):5370-5376. doi: 10.1245/s10434-024-15316-7. Epub 2024 Apr 30. Ann Surg Oncol. 2024. PMID: 38689169
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources